Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Angiophilic Infections
Cardio Module
62
Medical
Graduate
09/17/2009

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the two categories of spirochetes that were studied? And what disease falls into each category?
Definition

treponema- Syphilis

Non treponema- Lyme

Term
What are teh two Rickettsiae diseases studied?
Definition

Rockey Mountain Spotted Fever (Rickettsiea rickettsiea)

 

Typhus (Rickettsiea prowazkii)

Term
What bacteria is prone to infect immune comprimised individuals and leads to an acute vasculitis with necrosis wihin the vessel wall?
Definition
Psuedomonas vasculitis
Term
What is the exact spirochete name that causes syphilis?
Definition
Treponema Pallidum
Term
What are the three virulence factors of Treponema Pallidum?
Definition

adheres

resists phagocytosis (fibronectin)

lyse host cell (hyaluronidase)

Term
What drug is Treponema Pallidum sensitive to?
Definition
PNC
Term
How many layers does treponema pallidum have and what is true of its outer layer?
Definition
3 layers with no LPS in outer layer
Term
What is the shape of Treponem Pallidum?
Definition
spiral/coil shape
Term
Which stage of syphilis presents with painless chancre?
Definition
primary
Term
What are the two important characteritics of the chancre in syphilis?
Definition

indurated

painless

Term
After how many days does primary syphilis generally begin after exposure?
Definition
21 days
Term
What cells are present in the chancre of syphilis?
Definition
plasma cells
Term

How can you diagnosis primary syphilis (2)?

 

What cant you do?

Definition

darkfield microscopy

silver stain of tissue

 

cant do a gram stain or serum test

Term
How does the patient generally feel during primary sphilis?
Definition
generally well
Term
How long after exposure does secondary syphilis begin w/o treatment?
Definition
6-12 weeks
Term
What stage of syphilis does a patient not feel well and presents with fever, headache, fatique?
Definition
secondary syphilis
Term
What is the characteristic skin finding in secondary syphilis?
Definition
mucocutaneous (macules/papules) rash on soles/palms
Term
Which stage of syphilis will serology begin to be positive?
Definition
secondary
Term
What symptoms do patients with latent syphilis have?
Definition
none they are assymptomatic
Term
Which stage of syphilis presents with organ involvement?
Definition
tertiary
Term
What are the cardiovascular effects of syphilis?
Definition
elastic artery vasculitis especially of the aorta causing tree bark lesions
Term
What causes tree bark lesions in the aorta in syphilis?
Definition
ischemia from endarteritis leading to loss of elasticity
Term
In syphilis aorta is it diffuse aneurysm or one location?
Definition
diffuse
Term
What can syphilitic aorta lead to?
Definition
aortic insufficency and LVH
Term

What stage of syphilis presents with gummas and what are they?

 

WHere are they most common?

Definition

tertiary

 

they are granulomas

 

 

brain bone liver

Term
What stage are nontreponemal antibody (RPR/VDRL) tests usually negative and in this stage what test should be used?
Definition

during primary

 

do darkfield

Term
Which type of tests for syphilis are useful as quantifiers?
Definition
non-treponemal tests (VDRL/RPR)
Term
Which tests are non-quantifiable for syphilis?
Definition
the treponemal tests (FTA
Term
What is the bacteria causing lyme disease?
Definition
borrelia burgdorferi
Term
What is borrelia burgdorferi?
Definition
lyme disease
Term
How is lyme disease spread?
Definition
hard ticks, lxodes especially small nymphs
Term
Which test is used as a screen for syphilis b/c it is cheaper, even though it is less accurate?
Definition
VDRL/RPR
Term
What are the non-treponemal tests for syphilis detection?
Definition
VDRL/RPR
Term
What is the treponemal test studied?
Definition
FTA (flourescent AB test)
Term
What two seasons is lyme disease most common?
Definition
spring/summer
Term
What stage of lyme disease presents with a red macular lesion (what is the lesion called)?
Definition

primary lyme disease

 

it is called erythema migrans

Term
What occurs during secondary lyme disease? (4)
Definition
migrating arthritis, meningitis, neuritis, vasculitis
Term
What is the mechanism of destruction during lyme disease leading to tertiary lyme disease?
Definition
synovitis that destructs the joint leading to chronic arthritis
Term
What protien is present in the synovitis in lyme disease?
Definition
heat shock protein
Term
What is often the presenting neurological problem of lyme disesae?
Definition
bells palsy
Term
What disease and stage presents with onion skinning arteritis especially in brain and peripheral nerves?
Definition
seondary lyme disease
Term
What is the gram stain of Rickettsiae?
Definition
gram negative
Term
Why was rickettsiae once thought of as a virus?
Definition
b/c it is very small
Term
What is present in the wall of rickettsiae that is different then treponeum pallidum?
Definition
LPS
Term
What is the outer layer of rickettsiae that makes it more virulent?
Definition
a slime antiphagocytic layer
Term
What stain is used to stain for rickettsia?
Definition
giemsa stain
Term
What is the life cycle of rickettsiae rickettsii and how does it differ from rickettsiae prowazeki?
Definition

is phagosized by cell, aviods phagosomes, then leaves cell

 

 

prowazeki (typhus) lyses cell

Term
WHich type of rickettsiae has better prognosis?
Definition
rocky mountain spotted fever
Term
What is the mortality rate of typhus?
Definition
40-60%
Term
What type of lifestyle is lead by a patient that obtains rocky mountain spotted fever?
Definition
outdoorsman
Term
How is rocky mountain spotty fever spread?
Definition
hard tick
Term
How is typhus spread?
Definition
lice
Term
What is the consequence of the vasculitis in rocky mountain spotted fever?  Where is it located?
Definition

petechia rash  on wrists/ankles

 

and micro infarcts

Term
What disease presents with microinfarcts?
Definition
rocky mountain spotted fever
Term
What do microinfarcts in rocky mountain spotted fever cause?
Definition
typhus nodules
Term
What disease presents with fiver, chills, myalgia, headache and a generalized rash on wrists and ankles?
Definition
rocky mountain spotted fever
Term
When must the treatment of rocky mountain fever begin if it is suspected?
Definition
right away
Term
How does the rash of rocky mountian spotted fever grow?
Definition
centropedal
Term
How does the rash in typhus grow?
Definition
centrifugal (away from center)
Term
What is the difference in the rashes between rocky mountain spotted fever and typhus?
Definition

RMSF is petechia

 

Typhus is macular

Term
What is the number one cause of death in typhus?
Definition
myocarditis
Term
Which type of test for syphilis will remain positive forever?
Definition
treponemal (FTA)
Supporting users have an ad free experience!