Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Anethesia
Anethesia
67
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 1
02/02/2012

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What tests are run in a preanesthetic panel
Definition
ALT, ALKP, BUN, Creatnine, TP, glucose
Term
anesthesia in sight hounds
Definition
Long recovery time due to low body fat. may have to give them more induction agent
Term
Brachiocephalic breeds with anesthesia
Definition
airway obstructions. do not extubate them untill they come completly out of anethesia
Term
Pediatrics with anesthesia
Definition
prone to hypothermia and hypoglycemia. as soon as they come out of anesthesia make sure to get some kind of nutriant in them, like some glucose, can food, something to get their blood sugar up.
Term
Geriatrics with anesthesia
Definition
Have a decreased metabolism. can not filter the drugs, easy to overdose.
Term
what to check for in med. history before anesthesia
Definition

any potential complications stemming from diseases, or prior anestetic risks

 

Term
what to check for in PE before anesthesia
Definition
cardiac, respiratory and hepatic
Term
what is the minimum test to do before anesthesia
Definition
PCV/TP and kidney sticks
Term
an adult should be fasted for how long before surgery
Definition
12 hours
Term
pediatrics should be fasted for how long before surgery
Definition
2 to 4 hours
Term
it is best to uuse the 60gtts IV if the patient is how many pounds?
Definition
under 10lbs
Term
the length of the ET tube should not go beyond?
Definition
the thoracic inlet
Term
the adapter end of the ET tube should only be how many inches beyond the mouth?
Definition
1 to 2 inches
Term
what is the reason the adapter end of the ET tube should not exend past a certain legnth outside the mouth
Definition
to lessen the mechanical dead space
Term
mechanical dead space
Definition
increases the degree of exhaled gas rebreathing.
The dead space is the space in the breathing circuit where both inhalation and exhalation passes through a common path
Term
what is the most important step of anesthesia
Definition
patient evaluation: PE, history, health status
Term
Preanesthesia checklist: PATIENT
Definition
  • identify patient properly
  • verify patient was fasted (as appropriate)
  • perform special prep (as needed, ex. bowel prep)
  • perform preanesthetic exam
Term
Preanesthetic checklist: DRUGS
Definition
  • select drugs confirm they are available
  • review routes of drug administration
  • check crash cart inventory
Term
Preanesthesia checklist: FLUID ADMINISTRATION
Definition
  1. select IV fluids maintain at proper temperature
  2. confirm sufficient fluids are available for adverse events
  3. gather necessary equipment
  • IV catheters (24 gauge for <5kg, 20 gauge for 5-10kg, 18 gauge for >10 kg)
  • injection caps
  • materials for securing IV cath
  • heparinised saline in syringe with needle
  • fluid delivery sets
Term
Preanesthesia Checklist: EQUIPMENT
Definition
  • Review anesthetic machine checklist
  • select and inspect monitroing equpment
Term
Preanestesia checklist: MISCELLANEOUS SUPPLIES
Definition
  • Ophthalmic ointment
  • circulating warm water blanket, table insulation or heated table
  • facemask
Term
why should IV caths be placed before induction of anesthesia?
Definition
most anesthetic agents produce hypotension or vasoconstriction
Term
IV fluid set delivery rates
Definition

10 gtts/ml (macrodrip)

12 gtts/ml

15 gtts/ml

60 gtts/ml (microdrip)

Term
the diameter of an ET tube should be
Definition
the largest size that will fit into the trachea with ease
Term

what happens if ET tube is to large?

what happens if its to small

Definition

to large: the larynx and trachea may be traumatized

to small: the patient will have difficulty breathing through the tube

Term
what should the ET Tube be secured to?
Definition
mazilla, mandible or head with gauze
Term
commonly used sizes of compressed medical gas cylinders
Definition

E cylinder

H cylinder

Term
how many liters of O2 in a fully charged H cylinder
Definition
7000 liters
Term
how many liters of O2 in a fully charged E cylinder
Definition
700 liters
Term
a fully charged O2 cylinder regardless of size is how many PSIG?
Definition
2200
Term
Flow meter
Definition
receive medical gases from the pressure regulator. purpose is to measure and eliver a constant gas flow to the vaporizer and common gas outlet and the breathing circuit.
Term
the floating indicator in a flow meter
Definition
ball or plumb bob
Term
Vaporizer
Definition
Controlled enhancement of anesthetic vaporization.
Term
2 general sypes of vaporizers
Definition
precision and non precision
Term
Precision vaporizer
Definition
designed for a specific anesthetic agent, deliver a constant concentration that is automatically maintained with changing O2 flow rates and temperature.
Term
Non precision vaporizors
Definition
allows some control of vaporization but delivering and unknown concentration. the dial scale is not a percent concentration but rather a relative number indivationg the amount of fresh gas diverted throught the chamber.
Term
breathing circuits
Definition
tubing that carrie medical gases from anesthesia machine to the patient. they deliver "fresh gases" to the patient and transport exhaled gases away from patient.
Term
Nonrebreathing circuits
Definition
do not have a carbon dioxide absorber.
Term
Advantages of nonrebreathing circuits
Definition
decreased resistance to breathing, rapid change of inspired anesthetic concentration, light weight and ease of cleaning and use
Term
disadvantages of nonrebreathing circuits
Definition
associated with the required high fresh gas flow rates and include increased use of O2 and anesthetic, enhanced risk of hypothermia and dehydration
Term
Rebreathing Circuit
Definition

"to breath again"

most common in vet practice.

 

Term
components of the circle system of a rebreathing circuit include
Definition
the obsorber, aborbent, fresh gas inlet, unidirectional valve, positive-pressure relief valve(pop off valve), manometer, reservoir bag, and a removable set of breathing tubes
Term
advantages of rebreathing circuits
Definition
conservation of body heat and fluids, reuse of exhaled O2 and anesthetic gases, cost efficient lower flow rates.
Term
disadvantages of a rebreathing circuit
Definition
danger of hypercarbia resulting from malfunction of the carbon dioxide absorbent of unidirectional valves, particulary at flow rates low enough to produce a closed system.
Term
Reservoir bag
Definition
Provides a gas volume sufficient for the patient to inhale maximally without creating negative pressure in the circuit. used for positive pressure ventilation or to inflate the lungs when needed
Term
ideal size resivoir bag
Definition
5 times the patients normal tidal volume of 10ml/kg
Term
circuit manometer
Definition
monitors circuit pressure.
Term
Barotrauma
Definition
respiratory tract injury from excessive circuit pressure
Term
postitive pressure relief valve (pop off valve)
Definition
prevents excessive pressure in the rebreathing circuit and allows removal of excess wates gases.
Term
one of the number one causes of anesthetic mishap is caused by
Definition
leaving the pop off valve closed after performing positive pressure ventilation.
Term
carbon dioxide absorbent (soda lime or baralyme)
Definition
removes carbon dioxide from the breathing circuit by chemical reaction.
Term
when should the carbon dioxide absorbent be changed?
Definition
after 6-8 hours of use depending on gas flow rates and patient size. or should be changed monthly, which ever comes first.
Term
unidirectional valves
Definition
maintain one way flow of gases with in the breathing circuit. this ensures that exhaled gases pass through the carbon dioxide absorbent before reaching the patient again
Term
anesthetic systems
Definition
semiclosed, closed and open
Term
semiclosed ciruit
Definition
O2 flow is greater than patient O2 uptake.
Term
closed circuit
Definition
O2 flow is equal to patient O2 up take
Term
open system
Definition
describes delivery of anesthetic gases via facemask, insufflation or induction chamber. open systems are advantageous for very small or aggressive patients.
Term
most common anesthetic complications
Definition
hypoxemia and inadequate depth.
Term
anesthetic depth refers to
Definition
the degree of CNS depression
Term

How (where) are H tanks kept in a clinic?

 

Definition
chained to the wall, they become rockets if tipped over.
Term
normal circuit pressure, pressure to the lungs.
Definition
 15-20cm H2O
Term
signs of CNS activation
Definition

flushed

cardiac irregularities

sweating

increased bleeding at surgical site

increased end tidal carbon dioxide

Term
signs of increased carbon dioxide
Definition

rise in heart rate and blood pressure

hyperpnea

respiratory acidosis

dysrhythmia

Term
ventilation rates should not exceed
Definition
1/3 the heart rate
Term
factors to determine depth
Definition

muscle tone (jaw tone)

ocular reflexes (palpebral reflex)

heart rate

respiratory rate

Term
pulse oximeter
Definition
mesasures the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen
Term
ideal percentage of hemoglobin for pulse ox
Definition
95-100%
Supporting users have an ad free experience!