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Ancient Greece Study Guide
Ancient Greece Study Guide
37
Social Studies
6th Grade
02/24/2015

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Term
Define: city-state
Definition
small independent communities
Term
What role did the geography of Greece play in the creation of city-states?
Definition
mountains separated the city-states making communication between them more difficult
Term
What land forms make up Greece?
Definition
peninsula, island, archipelago
Term
Define: Democracy
Definition
where the people vote (have power)
Term
Define: Oligarchy
Definition
a small group of people
Term
Define: Monarchy
Definition
a king or queen rules
Term
Define: Dictatorship
Definition
one leader hasall power over the citizens
Term
Define: Theocracy
Definition
religious government
Term
What type of government was Athens?
Definition
Democracy
Term
How did you become a citizen in Athens?
Definition
a male whose parents were born in Athens
Term
Could non-citizens vote? Who did this exclude?
Definition
No.  Only male citizens who were born in Athens could vote.  Women, foreigners, and slaves could not vote.
Term
What was the main focus of Athens' education?
Definition
Art, Literature, Philosophy, fitness, and Science
Term
Define: Agora
Definition
The heart of the city. Center of bussiness, trade, market place and gossip
Term
What type of military was Athens most known for?
Definition
Navy
Term
What type of government was Sparta?
Definition
Oligarchy
Term
Who was in charge of the Sparta government?
Definition
Two kings and a Council of Elders
Term
Who benefited from this type of government (Oligarchy)?
Definition
higher class people (wealthy)
Term
How did the role of women in Sparta differ from Athens?
Definition
Women could own land, have physical training, and they were respected.
Term
What was the main focus of Spartan education?
Definition
to have a strong military and be very physical
Term
The Greeks practiced a __________________ religion.
Definition
Polytheism
Term
Give three examples of how the Greeks honored their gods and goddesses:
Definition

1. Built eleborate temples

2. Told myths to explain the world around them

3. Festivals

Term
How did the Greeks believe their gods and goddesses  behaved?
Definition
looked and acted like regular people
Term
What was the purpose of the ancient Olympic games?
Definition
to honor Zeus
Term
In what city state did the games take place?
Definition
Olympia
Term
Who participated in the games?
Definition
Greek city-states - Greek men
Term
What two groups fought in the Trojan Wars?
Definition
Trojans and Greeks
Term
Why was the Trojan War fought? (Who started it? What did they want?)
Definition
The Trojans kidnapped Helen from Sparta.  They believed Aphorodite promised her to their King Paris
Term
What famous epic poem tells the story of the Trojan War?
Definition
Poem: The Illiad  /  Author: Hommer
Term
Why is there doubt that the events of the Trojan War actually happened?
Definition
There is lack of evidence and written records about the war and the Trojan horse
Term
What two groups fought in the Persian Wars?
Definition
Persia and Greeks
Term
Why was the Persian Wars fought? (Who started it? What did they want?)
Definition
Persians invaded Greece in order to expand their empire.
Term
Give three reasons the Greeks were successful in this war.  Provide an example for each (a battle).
Definition

1. They stuck together - Athens and Sparta United

2. Strong Navy - Battle of Salamis

3. Smart strategies -  The Battle of Marathan

Term
What two groups fought in the Peloponnesian War?
Definition
Sparta and Athens
Term
Why ws the Peloponnesian War fought?
Definition
Athens tried to gain power in Greece. Sparta and the other city-states opposed them.
Term
What league was started by Athens?
Definition
Pelopnisian League
Term
What happened in Athens that weakened their populaiton?
Definition
The Plague
Term
What impact did the Peloponnesian War have on the Ancient Greece?
Definition
The fighting among the city-states weakened Greece as a whole.  Ancient Greece was never able to regain its greatness again.
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