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Ancient Civilizations
Ancient Egypt, the Persians, Assyrians, Sumerians; Keirstead
58
History
10th Grade
01/12/2011

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Cards

Term
Artifact
Definition
a man made object used as a clue to determine the culture of past civilizations
Term
Paleothic
Definition
"Paleo" meaning old, "litic" meaning stone; refers to the Old Stone Age ~2.5 Million B.C to 8000 B.C
Term
Neolithic
Definition
"Neo" meaning new; refers to the New Stoon Age ~8000 B.C-3000 B.C
Term
Lascaux Cave paintings
Definition
600 pieces of artwork created by prehistoric people using a mixture of plant dyes
Term
Nomads
Definition
people who move to forage for new food sources, and rummage for shelter and water
Term
Agricultural Revolution
Definition
~5000 B.C, man's ability to plant crops and create a steady supply of food; reduced nomadic behavior and allowed the development of settlements.
Term
Cuneiform
Definition
Wedged-shaped writing on wet clay tablets. Began with 1000+ pictographs that developed into 400+ symbols used for sounds
Term
Bronze Age
Definition
3500-1200 B.C; Time period when metallurgists discovered this stronger metal by mixing copper and tin, allowing for stronger tools and weapons
Term
Ziggurat
Definition
"Mountain of God" Ruiling center for priest and kings, makertplaces and businesses surrounded this pyramid shaped building
Term
What are the differences between prehistoric and historic?
Definition
Prehistoric: 1. Nomads, 2. Hunters/Gatherers *3.No written records
Historic: 1. Settled in cities, 2. farmers, 3.*written record
Term
The first civilization established in 3500 B.C were the ?
Definition
Sumerians
Term
Who held the power in Sumeria?
Definition
the priests
Term
Cuneiform was first created by:
Definition
the Sumerians
Term
How did learning to write impact things?
Definition
able to keep written records and track of taxes
Term
What three technologies did the Sumerians develop?
Definition
wheel, sail, rudder
Term
What develops civilizations?
Definition
trade and writing
Term
civilization is spread by?
Definition
trade and war
Term
The first Mesopotamian empire was the
Definition
Amorites a.k.a the Babyolians
Term
the capital of the Amorites
Definition
Babylon
Term
The Babylonians/Amorites were located:
Definition
In the MIDDLE of where the Tigris and Euphrates came closest together
Term
Hammurabi
Definition
first to write down the legal code; everyone followed the same laws.
Term
writing down laws:
Definition
1. protects the weak and personal property
Term
Yu
Definition
first emperor of the first Chinese dynasty who rose to power by controlling the Yellow River through his knowledge and skills in engineering and irrigation
Term
Middle Kingdom
Definition
Name given by the Chinese to their land since they believe their land was the center of the civilized world
Term
Mandate of Heaven
Definition
Belief that when the ruling family became corrupted the spirits of the ancestors would send disastors to China to show their displeasure, and then raise a new family to rule China
Term
Vedas
Definition
collection of prayers, magical spells, and instructions for performing rituals. The Vedas left a picture of Aryan life. The Rig Veda contains 1,028 hymns
Term
Torah
Definition
the first FIVE books of the Modern Bible, written by Moses
Term
Israel
Definition
In 1020 to 920 B.C, the 12 tribes of the Hebrew people united to create the nation of Israel.
Term
Judah
Definition
the land responsible for the Jew's name
Term
What was the largest pyramid?
Definition
Kufu
Term
The Old Kingdom happened:
Definition
around 3,000 B.C
Term
Middle Kingdom
Definition
Egypt was expanded, began trading with "Outlanders" 2000-1600 B.C
Term
Hyksos
Definition
the time when Egypt was concurred; due to a famine, the Hebrews were allowed in Egypt but later became slaves
Term
New Kingdom
Definition
the Egyptians take back their nation, expel the Hyksos and enslave the Hebrew
Term
What helped the Egyptians created a fairly accurate calender?
Definition
the star Sirus
Term
The Hittites lived
Definition
in the mountains of Asia Minor
Term
The Hittites developed ____ and were able to conquer all they fought
Definition
iron
Term
Library of Nineveh:
Definition
one of the world's largest libraries; collected by the King Ashurbanipal; organized into a cataloged system.
Term
Darius
Definition
Began as a member of the King's bodyguard but seized the throne; ruled with absolute power
Term
Zoroaster:
Definition
a prophet who lived around 600 B.C; preached about the struggle of good and evil
Term
Confucius (5 Relationships)
Definition
1. ruler and subject
2. father and son
3. husband and wife
4. older brother and younger brother
5. friend and friend
Term
bureaucracy
Definition
those who ran the government or a trained civil system
Term
Phonecian merchant became very wealthy due to
Definition
the snails that allowed them to make purple cloth
Term
**Greatest Phonencian Contribution to civilization:***
Definition
22 character alphabet (symbols representing sounds)
Term
"Bible"
Definition
book of books
Term
The Assyrians ruled with:
Definition
fear and terror
Term
If a city-state resisted the Assyrians, what happened to ALL the inhabitants?
Definition
they were divided and forced into slavery
Term
Who defeated the Assyrians?
Definition
Medes and Chaldeans!
Term
King Nebs built:
Definition
the hanging gardens
Term
Chalean priests and fathers of
Definition
astronomy
Term
The Persians ruled with:
Definition
Tolerance and acceptance
Term
What allowed the Persian empire to stand for hundreds of years?
Definition
King Darius made it strong
Term
The road system throughout the Persian empire helps:
Definition
troops and merchants move quickly and safely
Term
Increased trade =
Definition
increased profit
Term
Increased profit = increased jobs =
Definition
increased tax revenuses
Term
Abraham lived in:
Definition
Ur
Term
Yahweh:
Definition
merciful, all powerful and everywhere
Term
Where were all Male Hebrew babies ordered to be killed?
Definition
The Pharoah was worried about an uprising
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