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Anatomy Review for RAD 100
Rad 100 Review of Anantomy, First year
47
Science
Professional
08/15/2011

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Cards

Term
IR
Definition
Image Receptor
The device that captures the radiographic image that exits the patient; refers to both the film/screen cassettes and to the digital devices.
Term
CR
Definition
Central Ray
Central most portion of the x-raybeams emitted from the x-ray tube; has the least divergence.
Term
Radiograph
Definition
An image of a patients anatomic parts, as produced by an actions of x-rays on an image receptor
Term
Name the 5 steps of a successful exam and procedure. (
#2 from General Positioning Terms HO)
Definition
1.Position
2.Protection
3.Exposure (control panel)
4.Instructions (for patients)
5.Processing of (IR)
Term
What are the important areas of the body that you should shield?
Definition
Reprodcutive Organs
Sternum
Thyroid
Anything with rapidly reproducing cells.
Term
What is the biggest size you should ever open the collumator?
Definition
14x17
Term
Do you ever hold a patient?
Definition
No. Family member should.
Preferably a male member, since there reproductive organs are not as vunerable and they typically have less breast tissue than females.
Term
Which gives a clearer view of the chest?
Definition
The PA, because of the position of the heart.
Term
Ried's Baseline
Definition
A positioning like between the ear and eye. Also called the IOML.
Term
Distal
Definition
Away from
Term
Lateral
Definition
Toward
Term
What is the minimum of markers that should be on an x-ray?
Definition
2 : Patient ID/Date
Anatomic side markers.
Term
How many view should there be for suspected joint fractures?
Definition
3. AP/PA, lateral, oblique
Term
Palpation
Definition
Applying pressure with the fingers tips to a patient to look for landmarks.
Term
ALARA
Definition
As low as reasonably attainable.
Term
What are three steps used to achieve ALARA?
Definition
Minimum length of time exposed.
Maximize the distance.
Shield.
Term
What are some ways of minimizing the exposure?
Definition
Beam limitations.
Technique selection.
Filtration.
Intensifying screens
Grids
Minimize the number of repeats.
Term
What groups are extremely supsceptible to radiation?
Definition
Young, old, pregnant.
Term
What is EfD or ED?
Definition
Effective Dose : compare average radiation to the whole body from a radiologic procedure with that reieved from natural background radiation.
Term
Name 7 patient protection measurements.
Definition
1.Minimum repeats.
2.Correct filtration.
3.Accurate collumation.
4.Specific area shielding.
5.Protection for pregnancies
6.Optimum speed film-screen combinations.
7.Projection and exposure with the least patient dose.
Term
What is the "double effect?"
Definition
An action that has both good and bad effects. AKA: Radiation is harmful but it is a very valuable diagnostic tool.
Term
What is the difference between an x-ray and a radiograph?
Definition
X-ray film refers to the physical (latent or nonprocessed) material the image is stored on. Radiography includes medium and image.
Term
What is anatomical position?
Definition
Upright, arms adducted(down), palms forward, head and feet are straight ahead.
Term
How are radiographs displayed?
Definition
The patient is facing the viewer, patient in anatomic position.
Term
How does the following plane divide the body: Sagittal Plane
Definition
Right/Left
Term
How does the following plane divide the body: Coronal or frontal
Definition
Anterior/Posterior
Term
How does the following plane divide the body: Horizontal/Transverse/Axial
Definition
Superior/Inferior
Term
How does the following section divide or "cut" the body: Longitudinal
Definition
Lengthwise, direction of the long axis of the body.
Term
How does the following section divide or "cut" the body : Transverse/Axial Section
Definition
at a right angel on the longitudinal axis
Term
Posterior/Dorsal
Definition
Back of the patient when in anatomical position.
Term
Anterior/Ventral
Definition
Front 1/2 of the patient
Term
Plantar
Definition
Sole (Posterior Surface) of the foot
Term
Dorsum
What is the difference in this term between the hand and the foot.
Definition
Top (Anterior) side of the foot.
Back (Posterior) side of the hand.
Term
Palmer
Definition
Inside (Anterior) of the hand.
Term
Recumbant
Definition
Lying down (Refers to any position)
Term
Dorsal Recumbant
Definition
Supine (on Back)
Term
Ventral Recumbant
Definition
Prone (on stomach)
Term
Lateral Recumbant
Definition
On side (Right/Left : refers to the side on the table.)
Term
Trandelenburg
Definition
Recumbant, feet above the head.
Term
Fowler's
Definition
Recumbent, head above the feet
Term
Lithotomy
Definition
Position with knees and hips flexed, thigh abducted and rotated externally (w/ankle supports) [Used in exams where the vagina needs to be visable.]
Term
Lateral Position
Definition
Side view 90*/right angle
Can be recumbant or errect.
Term
Oblique Position
Definition
If a position is not a true lateral then it is considering an oblique. An angeled position in which neither the sagital or coronal palne is perpendicular.
Term
LPO/RPO
Definition
Left Posterior Oblique/ Right Posterior Oblique. Normally used for a chest x-ray. The side closest to the IR is the one that designates. Also, the posterior(BACK) of the patient is facing the beam.
Term
RAO/LAO
Definition
Refers to a position where the anterior of the chest is facing the CR. Side designated by the side closest to the IR.
Term
Decubitus Position
Definition
Lie on a horizontal surface, designated by the side that is resting closest to the IR.
Term
Left Lateral Decubitius Position
Definition
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