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Anatomy Exam 3
Lecture 5 & 6
71
Anatomy
Graduate
09/07/2016

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Cards

Term
2 Apertures in the Interosseous membrane
Definition
Anterior tibial vessels and perforating branch of fibular artery
Anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments and interrosseus membrane hold the tibia and fibula together.
Term
5 P's of Compartment Syndrome
Definition
Pallor
Paresthesia
Pulse deficit
Paralysis or paresis
Pain on passive motion
Term
Fibularis Longus OIA
Definition
O: Upper lateral fibula
I: Crosses sole onto medial cuneiform+ First metatarsal
Term
Fibularis brevis OIA
Definition
O: Lower Lateral Fibula
I: Tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
Term
What innervates and supplies the lateral compartment?
Definition
-Superficial fibular nerve
-Fibular branch of posterior tibial artery
Term
What does the superior fibular retinaculum extend between?
Definition
lateral malleolus and calcaneus
Term
What does the inferior fibular retinaculum extend between?
Definition
Lateral surface of the calcaneus to blend with extensor retinaculum
Term
Tibialis anterior OIA (inverts and dorsiflexes)
Definition
O: Superior lateral tibia+ Interosseus membrane
I: Medial cuneiform+ 1st metatarsal
Term
Extensor digitorum longus OIA (extends and dorsiflexes)
Definition
O: Superior anterior fibula + Interroseus membrane
I: Middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5
Term
Extensor hallucis longus OIA (Extends and dorsiflexes)
Definition
O: Middle of anterior fibula + Interroseus membrane
I: Distal phalanx of great toe
Term
Fibularis Tertius OIA (everts and dorsiflexes)
Definition
O: Inferior fibula +Interroseus membrane
I: Base of 5th metatarsal
Term
What are shin splints?
Definition
Due to overuse of anterior muscles such as (tibialis anterior)- micro trauma to TA can cause small tears in the periosteum covering the shaft of the tibia resulting in edema and pain in the distal 2/3rd tibia
Term
What innervates and supplies the anterior compartment?
Definition
Deep fibular nerve off of common fibular nerve
-Anterior tibial artery off of tibial artery
Term
What does the deep fibular nerve run with?
Definition
Anterior tibial artery
Term
What nerve is deep to the fibularis longus?
Definition
Superficial fibular nerve
Term
What nerve is deep to the extensor digitorum longus?
Definition
Deep fibular nerve
Term
What is foot drop?
Definition
Exacerbated unopposed INVERSION of the foot
Term
3 ways to compensate for foot drop (caused by damage to common fibular nerve)
Definition
Waddling, swing out, and steppage gait
Term
Extensor digitorum brevis OIA
Definition
anteromedial calcaneus to extensor expansions of toes 2-4
Term
Extensor hallucis brevis OIA
Definition
antero medial calcaneus to base of proximal phalanx of great toe
Term
What innervates and supplies the dorsum of the foot?
Definition
Deep fibular nerve
Dorsalis pedis artery from anterior tibial artery
Term
What does the dorsalis pedis artery divide into?
Definition
Deep plantar and first dorsal metatarsal arteries?
Term
What does the dorsalis pedis artery give into?
Definition
Lateral tarsal artery
Arcuate artery which then divides into
-1st dorsal metatarsal artery & deep plantar artery
-2nd, 3rd, and 4th dorsal metatarsal arteries that divide into 2 dorsal digital arteries
Term
If you injure your first interosseous space, what artery can be damaged?
Definition
Arcuate artery
Term
What runs with the dorsalis pedis pulse?
Definition
Extensor hallucis longus tendon
Term
Where do superficial veins drain into?
Definition
Dorsal venous arch
Term
Small saphenous vein is blank and runs blank
Definition
posterior & near lateral malleolus
Term
Great saphenous vein is blank and runs blank
Definition
anterior & near medial malleolus
Term
Which nerve supplies the web space between the first two toes?
Definition
Deep fibular nerve
Term
What supplies most of the skin on the dorsal aspect of the foot?
Definition
Superficial fibular nerve
Term
Where does the superior extensor retinaculum run from?
Definition
Anterior borders of tibia and fibula; continuation of thickening of deep fascia
Term
Where does the inferior extensor retinaculum run
Definition
Calcaneus to medial malleolus and medial plantar aponeurosis
Term
TOm Has very Nice Dog and Frog
Definition
Tibialis anterior tendon
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Anterior tibial vessels
Deep fibular nerve
Extensor digitorum Longus tendons
Fibularis terius
Term
Which two bursae are located on the convex surface of the knee joint?
Definition
1) Subcutaneous pre patellar
2) Infraprepatellar bursae
Term
Which 4 bursae communicate with the articular cavity of the knee joint?
Definition
1) Anserine bursa
2) gastrocnemius bursa
3) Popliteus bursa
4) Suprapatellar bursa
Term
What does the articulates genu do?
Definition
Retracts the SUPRA PATELLAR BURSA during knee extension
Term
Pre patellar bursitis
Definition
Also called housemaid's knee and caused by friction between skin and patella
Term
What does the fibrous layer enclose?
Definition
Condyles+ Intercondylar fossa
Term
What is the opening on the posterior fibrous layer for?
Definition
Popliteus tendon
Term
What is the fibrous layer a continuation of?
Definition
Lateral and medial margins of quadriceps tendon
Term
What does the internal synovial membrane line?
Definition
Lines internal aspects of fibrous capsule and attaches to periphery of patella and edges of menisci
Term
4 capsular (intrinsic) ligaments
Definition
Collateral, cruciate, popliteal, patellar
Term
1 extra capsular ligament
Definition
Fibular collateral ligament
Term
Four phases of stance phase and muscles within them
Definition
1) Heel strike- glute max + Tibialis anterior
2) Loading response- quadriceps femurs
3) Midstance-triceps surae
4) Terminal stance- rectus femoris
Term
3 phases of swing phase and muscles
Definition
1) Preswing- hamstrings
2) Initial and Midswing- iliopsoas+ rectus femoris
3) Terminal Swing - Quadriceps femoris+ tibialis anterior
Term
What percent are you spent single supported during gait cycle?
Definition
80%
Term
What percent are you spent double supported during gait cycle?
Definition
20%
Term
Pes planus
Definition
Dysfunction of tibialis anterior
Caused by displacement of taller head
Term
4 layers that maintain arches of the foot
Definition
1) Long plantar ligament
2) Short plantar ligament
3) calcaneonavicular ligament
4) plantar aponeurosis
Term
What is the only muscle that supports that lateral arch?
Definition
Flexor digitorum longus
Term
What two muscles support the transverse arch?
Definition
Fibularis longus
Tibialis posterior
Term
Two bones of hind foot
Definition
Talus+ Calcaneus
Term
5 bones of midfoot
Definition
Navicular+ Cuboid+ Cuneiforms
Term
What bone carries most of the weight?
Definition
calcaneal tuberosity
Term
Hallux Valgus
Definition
Lateral deviation of big toe at MTP joint; enlarged head of 1st metatarsal; displaced sesamoid bones; bunion occurs
Term
MTP and IP joints are what kind of joints?
Definition
Condylar+ Hinge synovial joints
Term
Clubfoot (talipes)
Definition
-Involves subtalar and transverse tarsal joint
- Tight long extensor tendons
- Characterized by inversion, plantar flexion, forefoot adduction
Term
What supports the transverse tarsal arch (4) ?
Definition
Dorsal and plantar calcaneocuboid ligaments
Long plantar ligament
Plantar calcaneoclavicular ligament
Term
What does the transverse tarsal joint help with?
Definition
Inversion and eversion of foot
Term
Where does inversion and eversion mainly occur?
Definition
Subtalar joint (plane joint)
Term
Pott's fx.
Definition
-Forced eversion
-Damaged medial ligament
- Can damage both sides
Term
Fibular fx.
Definition
-Forced inversion
-avulsed lateral malleolus or tear of lateral ligament
-Damages only lateral side
Term
Most commonly torn ligament in ankle sprains
Definition
Anterior talofibular ligament
Secondary calcaneofibular ligament
Term
3 arteries of the ankle joint
Definition
Fibular
Posterior tibial
Anterior tibial
Term
2 nerves of the ankle joint
Definition
Tibial
Deep fibular
Term
When is ankle joint most stable?
Definition
During dorsiflexion
Term
What kind of joint is the talocrural joint?
Definition
Hinge type
Term
Where does plantar flexion and dorsiflexion mainly occur?
Definition
Talocrural joint
Term
what separates lateral meniscus from fibular collateral ligament?
Definition
Popliteal tendon
Term
What si the oblique popliteal ligament an expansion of?
Definition
Tendon of semimembranosus
Term
What do the oblique popliteal ligament and arcuate ligament do?
Definition
Strengthen joint capsule posteriorly
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