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Anatomy 2 male & female
n/a
46
Anatomy
Graduate
02/01/2011

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Cards

Term
Pudendal
Definition
innervates everything in the perineum
Term
Greater Sciatic foramen
Definition

pudendal NAV runs through

piriformus muscle

nerve to obtorator internus

sciatic nerve

Term
Lesser sciatic foramen
Definition
pudendal NAV & obtorator internus muscle
Term
Suspensory Ligament of ovary carries
Definition

ovarian artery & vein

post ganglionic sympathetic from T10-11

Term
Ovary Blood supply
Definition

ovarian a

uterine a

ovavian a goes through suspensory lig

uterine a goes through mesovarian a

Term
external anal sphinter innervation
Definition
inferior rectal n.
Term
vestibular gland
Definition
under bulb of vestibule
Term
bulb of vestibule
Definition

under bulbospongeosus muscle

bulbs are homologus w/ bulb of penus and copus spongiosum

Term
obtorator foramen
Definition
obtorator NVB runs through
Term
ejaculatory duct
Definition
where vas deferens and seminal vessicle meet
Term
bulbospongiosus innervation
Definition
pudendal
Term
levator ani
Definition

attached to pubic boes anteriorly

ischial spines posteriorly

and to thickening in obtorator fascia called tendinous arch of levator ani

Term
obtorator nerve
Definition
runs through obtorator canal
Term
perinial body innervation
Definition
pudendal
Term
bulb of penis
Definition

function erection

location superficial pouch

Term
labia innervation and blood supply
Definition
pudendal
Term
organs in rectorvesicular space
Definition
anterior and posterior bladder & rectum
Term
internal iliac & branches from common supply
Definition
prostate, bladder, seminal vessicles, rectum, vas defrens
Term
sacrospinus ligament
Definition
attaches to ishiospine on the ischium
Term
PSN innervation of prostate
Definition
pelvic splancnic
Term
  1. What is the innervation to the uterus?
Definition

Sympathetics from spinal cord segments T11-L1

Parasympathetics from spinal cord segments S2-4

Term
  1. If you needed to remove the uterus, which blood vessels would you need to ligate or tie off?
Definition
Uterine artery and ovarian artery between the ovary and the uterus in other words you want to make sure that the ovary is getting blood but the part of the ovarian artery that anastomoses with the uterine artery needs to be ligated. Uterine and ovarian veins as well
Term
  1. If you needed to remove an ovary, which blood vessels would you need to ligate?
Definition

In this case you would ligate the ovarian artery before it reaches the ovary. Remember that the ovarian artery is a branch off the abdominal aorta not the internal iliac reflecting its embryological origin around T10-11 and its subsequent migration down to the pelvis.

 

You would also need to ligate the portion of the uterine artery that supplies the ovary.

 

The ovarian vein must also be ligated.

Term
  1. Where is the pain from the uterus felt?
Definition

Visceral afferents from the body and fundus of the uterus travel with the sympathetics – ie pain refers to dermatomes T11-L1, whereas pain from the cervix travels with the parasympathetics and therefore refers to S2-4.

Term
  1. Where is the pain from the ovaries felt?
Definition

Visceral afferents from the ovary travel with the sympathetics that supply the ovary. These sympathetics are from spinal cord segment T10-11 therefore pain from the ovary will refer to the periumbilical area.

Term
  1. If an ovulated egg does not reach the uterine tube, where is it found?
Definition

In the peritoneal cavity - typically in the rectouterine pouch.

Term
  1. What is the blood supply to the urinary bladder?
Definition

The inferior and superior vesical arteries and veins.

Term
  1. What is the innervation to the urinary bladder?
Definition

The detrusor muscle, which is the major part of the bladder, receives parasympathetic innervation from the pelvic splanchnics.

Term
  1. How do you examine the prostate?
Definition

By doing a digital rectal exam. It is found anterior to the rectum.

Term
  1. Removal of the prostate gland requires ligation of which vessels?
Definition

Prostate receives blood from the inferior vesical artery.

Term
  1. What are some of the potential side effects from removing the prostate?
Definition

Some men experience impotence and urinary incontinence because the parasympathetics necessary for both erection and urinary continence run on either side of the prostate.

Term
  1. What are the components of semen?
Definition

Seminal fluid, sperm and prostate secretions.

Term
  1. What effect would the removal of the seminal vesicles have on the ejaculate?
Definition

It would only contain sperm and prostatic secretions and since most of the volume comes  from the seminal vesicles, the volume would be lower.

Term
  1. What two anatomical regions does the greater sciatic foramen connect?
Definition

The pelvic cavity and the gluteal region.

Term
  1. What passes through greater sciatic foramen?
Definition

Sciatic nerve, piriformis muscle, superior and inferior gluteal neurovascular bundles, pudendal neurovascular bundles.

Term
  1. What two anatomical regions does the lesser sciatic foramen connect?
Definition

The gluteal region and the perineum.

Term
  1. What passes through lesser sciatic foramen?
Definition

The pudendal neurovascular bundle, nerve to the obturator internus and the obturator internus tendon.

Term

1)    Which two areas does the greater sciatic foramen connect?

Definition

Gluteal region and pelvis

Term

1)    Which two areas does the lesser sciatic foramen connect?

Definition

Gluteal region &perineum

Term

1)    What are the boundaries of the perineum?

Definition

Inferior surface of pelvic diaphragm (superiorly) to skin (inferiorly).  Obturator internus laterally.

Term

1)    What are the boundaries of the superficial pouch?

Definition

Perineal membrane superiorly to deep perineal fascia inferiorly

Term

1)    What is the clinical significance of the perineal body in the female?

Definition

It helps preserve the muscles of the perineum post partum.

Term

1)    What is an episiotomy?

Definition

An incision in the urogenital diaphragm during childbirth used to prevent tearing of the perineum

Term

1)    What is extravasation of urine in the male?

Definition

Injury to the penile urethra allowing urine to “spill out” into the scrotum and anterior abdominal wall.

Term

1)    Into how many parts is the perineum divided?

Definition

Two triangles…anal and urogenital

Term
urogenital triangle
Definition

contains root of scrotum, penis, vulva

closed by perinial membrane

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