Term
| Facultative anaerobes found in skin: |
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Definition
S. epi:dry skin
Propionibacteria:oily skin |
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Term
| O2 reacts w/ what in anaerobes |
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Definition
Iron-sulfur centers of enzymes>oxidizing>death
These organisms also hypersensitive to ROS |
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Term
| Culturing obligate anaerobes |
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Definition
1.anaerobic chamber
2. Media w/ reducing agent
Methylene blue, colorless when no 02 |
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Term
| Genus Bacteroides gen. features |
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Definition
| Gram negative, high [] in colon, some in mouth. These, and other obligate anaeroves are resistant to aminoglycosides (ie gent and kanamycin) |
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Term
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Definition
Most impt. anaerobic pathogen.
-no spores, non-motile, gram negative pleomorphic rod
-Penicillin resistant |
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Term
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Definition
| Clindamycin and Metronidazole |
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Term
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Definition
-Capsule>antifag, promotes abscess formation
-LPS is weak> not much septic shock
-highly aerotolerant (relatively) d/t catalase and super-O-Dsmutase
-Neuraminidase, lipase, protease |
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Term
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Definition
-Intra-abd, lung, brain, and pelvic abscesses
-Peritonitis and sepsis
-Rarely endocarditis |
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Term
| Poryphyromonas and Prevotella |
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Definition
1. Black Fe containing pigment when gron on blood medium.
2. Both grow in mouth, Vagina only has Prevotella
3. Head, neck, resp, and peridontal infections. |
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Term
| Fusobacterium Gen features |
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Definition
-Long, slender, tapered
-Fully toxic endotoxin>septic shock and vascular collapse
-Similar infections to bacteriodes |
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Term
| Peptococcus and peptostreptococcus |
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Definition
Nl flora, fnd in mixed anaerobe infections.
Nothing special here |
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Term
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Definition
Gram POSITIVE anaerobic rod.
Skin flora>acne |
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Term
| 2 Gram positive anaerobic rods in fecal flora, causing occasional infections |
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Definition
| Eubacterium and Bifidobacterium |
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Term
| Gen characteristics of endogenous anaerobic infections |
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Definition
1. Proximity to colonized mucosa
2. abscesses
3. foul d/c
4. gas
5. Necrosis
6. Often mixed microbes, facultative and obligate
7.Non-responsive to aminoglycosides.
8. Clinda or metronidazole often work. |
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Term
| Clostridium gen. characteristics |
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Definition
G+ rods>form spores. Ubiquitous in soil.
-Pathogenicity d/t exotoxins primarily. |
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Term
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Definition
| botulinum, tetani, difficile, and perfringens>gas gangrene |
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Term
| Clostridium tetani gen characteristics |
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Definition
Round spores in terminus of long pleomorphic rod.
-Motile,
-Ground glass colonies, hemolytic. |
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Term
| Tetanus toxin (tetanospasmin) production |
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Definition
1.intracellular protein released by AUTOLYSIS
2. Gene onplasmid
3. Toxin split into two active parts.
4 1st binds peripheral nerve endings, then internalized and transported by kynesin? up to cell body of neuron into spinal cord
5. Transported to inhibitory neurons, binds gangliosides in synaptic membranes>inhibits release of INHIBITORY NT. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Antitoxin (must be done before too much is fixed to nervous sys. tissue)
2. Surgical debridement of wound
3. ABX.
4. Booster immunization of toxoid(formalin inactivated) |
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Term
| Clostridium botulinum General Features |
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Definition
Oval, suberminal spores
-large gray, hemolytic colonies |
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Term
|
Definition
| Flaccid paralysis and resp failure, mortality now down to 10% |
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Term
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Definition
| Rare, wound gets spores, toxin produced in vivo instead of in food. |
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Term
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Definition
| C. botulinum infects gi tract, toxin made in vivo. mortality rate 1-2%. Tx.is resp support, but usually they recover spontaneously. |
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Term
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Definition
| neurotoxic> inhibits Ach release @ NMJ. Most potent of all toxins in nature. 1-2 ug=lethal. Toxicity on genome of lysogenic phage. |
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Term
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Definition
Very large rods, non-motile, no spores
Grow rapidly, double hemolysis zone on plate.
-Ferment carbs in mm>produce gas.
-12 hystolytic or cytolytic toxins. |
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Term
| Clostridium perfringens (gas gangrene) general pathogenesis |
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Definition
Spores make way into wound>germinate>bac multiply. Gas produced from fermentation distends tissue and cuts off blood supply.
>necrotizing toxins make>necrosis extends>increases anaerobic opportuinity for critters.
>>hemolytic anemia, severe toxemia>death |
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Term
| Gas gangrene clinical attributes |
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Definition
Uterine infections>septic AB
-Sepsis
-Food poisoining
-Enteritis necroticans. Acute infection of SI, necrosis>perforation. 50% mortality |
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Term
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Definition
-Debridement
-MASSIVE Abx
-Hyperbaric O2 therapy |
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Term
| C. difficile gen features |
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Definition
-Iatrogenic (caused by med Tx)
-Classic ABX that causes is clindamycin
-C. diff cytotoxin causes diarrhea and kills colon epithelial cells>necrotic pseudomembranous plaques. >>perforation, peritonitis>death. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Cease causative Abx, fluids, new C. diff Abx. |
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