Details Title: american heritage Description: chapters 3+4 Total Flash Cards: 74 Created: 06/28/2009 22:25:20		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Political Studies Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term the writings of john locke and formation of critish common law effectively altered what? Definition it altered the way ordinary men and women thought about government. Term what was the irony of the american revolution? Definition it claimed to be a revolt against british tyranny Term two meanings of "freedom" Definition political freedom and freedom from society Term freedom of the individual to live his own life and be his own person without interference Definition freedom from society Term how could people with conscience practice slavery, servants, and been so cruel? Definition it all looks back on the culture created by liberals Term why was abiding by the "divine right of kings" a problem? Definition english law courts and parliament didn't recognize it as legit Term what did the "divine right of kings" evntually lead to? Definition civil war and the beheading of charles I Term what was a big flaw in the english gov? Definition lacked a true contitution, there was no real final authority Term King James I of England Definition first monarch of england from the house of stuart who succeeded Queen Liz I Term john locke Definition wrote treatises of government greatly influenced the natural rights, consent of people greatly influenced our government. Term whig party Definition englands first policical party, made in opposition to the king. Term the two "whig" parties Definition american whig party and english whig party, they did not hold the same values Term the second "treatise of government" Definition locke argued that true political authority comes from people and not god Term what did locke question? Definition whether the divine rights of kings was legit Term 5 points of the second "treatise of gov" Definition in a state of nature, no gov. men create social contract. gov's job is to protect rights. gov. is exists by consent of the people. if gov. violates, the people can revolt Term William of Orange Definition him and his wife came on the throne after the english people kicked out james II because he violated rules Term glorious revolution Definition a true founding. bloldess english revolution against the king Term rule of law Definition principles that distinguished if a law supporeted freedom or not Term lockean world Definition government made by people Term natural law Definition our sense of right and wrong that greeks believed in Term Cicero Definition believed that laws from moses or hammurabi were accepted by people because they embodied natural alw principles Term common law Definition took the view that they were discovering natural law principles Term habeas corpus Definition release the jailed until there is evidence that he is guilty Term rule of law Definition gnerality. prospectivity. publicity. consent. due process Term generality Definition all laws must be general and broad. can't be used to single out one person. Term prospecitivity Definition laws must apply to future action, not past Term publicity Definition laws must be both known and certain to all Term consent Definition all laws myst be generally acceptable to those who muyst live by them Term due process Definition laws myst be administered imparitally. no favoring. Term if the laws of society met all five points of the rule of law, what would be the result? Definition freedom Term the whigs view of human nature Definition dark view of human nature, power would be misused if given Term what made the whigs think human nature of dark? Definition aristotles writing of misuse of power Term checks and balances Definition the president shouldn't have ALL power so it is in the hands of other branches of the gov. as well Term Montesquieu Definition favored separation of powers as noticed in "the spirit of laws" he wrote Term the british gov. after the glorious revolution composed of three branches Definition king, aristocracy, people Term common wealth ideology Definition the whigs wrote an approach to preserving liberty Term court party/tories Definition english royal corut and center of british power characterized by corruption Term country party Definition consisted of many different backgrounds and professions, they were pretty much "the people" Term cato's letters Definition written by two whigs. became a bible for the "Country party" stressed preservation of liberty Term john adams Definition strong advocate of "rule of law". boston massacre, he defended the british soldier. Term boston massacre date Definition march 5, 1770 Term adam smith(2) Definition wrote "wealth of nations" and was the "Father of economics" Term what changed the political relationships in the colonies? Definition scarcity of labor Term scarcity of labor caused? Definition social and political relationships changed in the colonies Term who were indentured servants? Definition europeans Term who captured the african servants? Definition local africans themselves Term where were the largest number of slaves sold? Definition sugar plantations Term during the colonial times, where were servants needed most? Definition on tobacco plantations Term mercantilism Definition gold and silver=wealth of nation Term command system Definition where resources are controlled by gov. and not free markets Term the role of each nation in the triangle trade Definition new world had raw materials. european counties gave manufactured goods in exchange and slaves Term how did the new england states get stuff? Definition sea trade Term king george III and parliaments view of america Definition a growing economic machine Term how did mercantilists bring in "gold" and "silver" ? Definition through trade Term navigation acts Definition enforced trade regulations by the british Term capitalism Definition market economy where gov. can't interfere Term wealth of nations by adam smith Definition encouraged free market and discouraged mercantilism Term theory of a moral sentiments by adam smith Definition gave viewpoint that men were self interested Term markets Definition division of the economy that specialize in certain goods Term market economy Definition model by adam smith which the forces of self interest regulate economy Term role of money Definition eliminates the necessity for a "Coincidence of wants" Term currency in america Definition tobacco Term role of "specialization" Definition since they are focused on one thing, productivity increases Term perfect competition Definition when buyers and sellers have no influence on price and terms of exchange Term collusion Definition when sellers are get together and rig up a price Term law of supply Definition when the price of a particular good rises, they will supply more Term law of demand Definition as the price goes down, less people will buy Term equilibrium price Definition price at which the amount demanded is equal to the supplied Term the invisible hand Definition when self regulation of a economy is effecient Term laissex faire Definition policy in which there is little or no interference with exchange Term what does a market economy require? Definition clear definition of property rights Term role of gov. in a market economy Definition prevent fraud, provide money, provide transportation, define property rights, enforce the exchange agreements Term what are two things a market economy promotes? Definition liberty and happiness Term how was the revolution born? Definition self interest