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American Gov Chapter 3
Vocabulary
34
History
Not Applicable
09/10/2005

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Cards

Term
AFDC
Definition
Progranm to distribute welfare benefits that fromerly was federally funded but devolved to the states in 1996
Term
block grants
Definition
A federal grant that could be used for a variety of purposes, usually w/ few accompanying restrictions
Term
categorical grants
Definition
a federal grant that for a specific purpsoe, often with accompanying conditions and/or requiring a local match
Term
conditions of aid
Definition
federal rules that states must follow if htey choose to recieve the federal grants wiht which the rules are associated
Term
confederation or confederal system
Definition
a system in which the state governments are sovereign and the national government may do only what the states permit
Term
devolution
Definition
an effort to shift responsibility for a wise range of domestic programs from Washington to the states
Term
dual federalism
Definition
the doctrine the both state and national governments are supreme in their respective spheres
Term
federal system
Definition
a system in which sovereignty is shared between the national and the state governments
Term
federal republic
Definition
the Founders' term for a federation
Term
grants-in-aid
Definition
Federal funds provided to states and localities
Term
initiative
Definition
a procedure that allows voters to place legislative measures (and sometimes consitutional amendments) directly on the ballot by getting a specified proportion of voter signatures on a petitiion
Term
intergovernmental lobby
Definition
An interest group made up of mayors, governors, and other state and local officials who depend on federal funds
Term
interstae commerce
Definition
business that is conducted in more than one state
Term
intrastate commerce
Definition
business that is conducted entirely within one state
Term
land grant colleges
Definition
state educational institutions built wiht the benefit of federally donated lands
Term
James Madison
Definition
The federalist author who said that both state and federal governments "are in fact but different agents and trustees of the people constituted with different powers"
Term
McCulloch v. Maryland
Definition
A Supreme Court decision embodying the principle of implied powers of the national government
Term
mandates
Definition
Federal rules that states must follow, whether they receive federal grants or not
Term
Medicaid
Definition
Federally funded medical care for the poor
Term
Model Cities
Definition
a program proposed inteh 1960s to give federal funds to a small number of large cities with acute problems
Term
national interests
Definition
Governmental concerns considered to be primarily the responsibilty of the central government
Term
necessary-and-proper
Definition
the term used by the Supreme Court to create teh category o fimplied powers of the national government
Term
New Federalism
Definition
Nixon's attempt in the 1970s to reduce federal restrictions on grants-in-aid
Term
nullification
Definition
A doctrine espoused by Calhoun that states could hold certain national policies invalid within their boundaries
Term
police powers
Definition
those state laws and regulations not otherwise unconstitutioanl, that promote health, safetu, and morals
Term
recall
Definition
A procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office
Term
referendum
Definition
a procedure that enables voters to reject a measure adopted by the legislature
Term
revenue sharing
Definition
a federal grant that requires no matching funds and provides freedom in how to spend it
Term
second-order devolution
Definition
refers tot he a flow of power and responsibility form the states to local governments
Term
sovereignty
Definition
supreme or ultimate politcial authority
Term
states' rights
Definition
government concerns considered to be primarily the responsibilty of the state governments
Term
10th Amendment
Definition
The clause that stipulates that powers not delegated to the United States are reserved to the state or to the people
Term
third-order devolution
Definition
refers tot he increased role of nonprofit organizations and private groups in policy implementation
Term
unitary system
Definition
a system in which sovereignty is wholly in the hands of the national government
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