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Alzheimer and TBIs
Test 4 Sem 2
24
Medical
Graduate
02/27/2011

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Cards

Term
How many "spheres" of mental activity must be compromised in alzheimers and what are they? (5)
Definition
3 most be compromised
1) language
2) Memor
3) visuospatial skills
4) emotion/personality
5) cognition
Term
What is the most common cause of progressive dementia in patients >55 yo?
Definition
Alzheimer
Term
What gene location is responsible for dementias?
Definition
apolioprotein E (APOE)
Term
What is seen in the brain with alzheimers?
Definition
neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles
Term
What is the diagnosis criteria for alzheimers? (6)
Definition
1) dementia established on MMSE
2) deficits in 2 or more areas of cognition
3) progressive worsening memory
4) no consciousness disturbances
5) age 40-90 most after 65
6) absence of systemic brain disorders
Term
What drug class may stabilize disease but not make better?
Definition
anticholinesterase inhibitors
Term
What med is used in moderate to severe alzheimers?
Definition
memantine
Term
What is the leading cause of disability and death in young adults?
Definition
TBIs
Term
What is the criteria for a TBI/concussion? (4)
Definition
1) loss of consciousness 30-60min
2) GCS score 13-15
3) confusion <24hours
4) no contusion/hematoma on CT
Term
Glasgow coma scale?
Definition
1) eye opening
2) Best verbal response
3) Best Motor response
Term
eye opening for GCS
Definition
1) none
2) to pain
3) to speech
4) Spontaneous
Term
Best verbal response
Definition
1) none
2) incomprehensible
3) inappropriate
4) Confused
5) Oriented
Term
Best Motor Response
Definition
1) none
2) Extension response to pain
3) flexion response to pain
4) withdrawl response to pain
5) localization of pain
6) Obedience to commands
Term
What is the criteria for the 3 stages of concussions?
Definition
1) transient mental changes <15 min with no loss of consciousness
2) mental changes >15 min w/no loss of consciousness
3) brief loss of consciousness
Term
What do 75% of concussion patients report over first few weeks following injury?
Definition
some somatic/cognitive symptoms
Term
What is the primary concern with concussion patients?
Definition
development of surgical lesions-hematomas
Term
85% of MTBI patients recover within in what time? symptoms are often attributed to what?
Definition
1) recover w/in 1 year
2) persistent symptoms due to psychogenic factors
Term
Shock is usually the result of what in Moderate/severe head injuries?
Definition
hemorrhages outside of head
Term
hyperventilation is needed in patients with GCS of what?
Definition
<8
Term
CT is indicated in whom with Moderate/severe TBI?
Definition
GCS <15, focal signs/posttraumatic amnesia
Term
CT is indicated in whom with Moderate/severe TBI?
Definition
GCS <15, focal signs/posttraumatic amnesia
Term
When to measure ICP?
Definition
1) abnormal CT
2) normal CT w/ 2 of following: age >40, motor posturing, systolic BP <90
Term
ICP should be maintained at what?
Definition
<20 mm Hg
Term
What is a feared complication of TBIs that is treated prophylactic for 1-2 weeks after injury
Definition
posttraumatic epilepsy
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