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All the rules for japanese i need to know
only the need to knows
17
Language - Japanese
Undergraduate 2
10/28/2012

Additional Language - Japanese Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
potential verbs to say that someone can or has the ability to or something is possible
Definition
ru verbs: drop ru and add rareru
u verbs: drop final u and add eru
irregular: kuru:korareru suru:dekiru
Term
Shi: to give more then one reason
Definition
(reason)shi, (reason)shi, (situation).
follows short forms
Term
-soudesu: to say somethin seemingly has those properties
Definition
i adj. drop final i
na adj. drop na
exception
ii:yosasoudesu
Term
-temiru to do something tentatively or trying something
Definition
always written in hiragana not in kanji but conjugates the same as miru
Term
nara the predicate x only applies to A and is not more generally valid
Definition
noun A nara predicate X
Term
ishoukansankai saying how many times you do something in a period
Definition
(period) ni (frequency)
which equals frequency per period
Term
hoshii to want
Definition
watashiwa_____gahoshii
in negative sentences the particle wa is used.
hoshiitoitteimasu is to (guess) what others want since you can't know
Term
-kamoshiremasen/kamoshirenai to say something is a possibility (30% chance)
Definition
placed after short form of predicates
Term
ageru/kureru/morau to give
Definition
(giver)wa/ga(recipient)ni(ageru/kureru)
focuses on recipient
(recipient)wa/ga(giver)ni/kara(morau)
focuses on giver?
Term
-taradoudesuka conveys advice or recommendation (more criticizing then hougaiidesu)
Definition
comes before short past tense short form in the affirmative
Term
volitional form less formal equivalent of mashou.
Definition
ru verbs: drop ru add you
u verbs: drop final u add ou
irregular: kuru:koyou suru:shiyou
Term
-ndesu to state an explanation
Definition
comes after short form of a predicate
after a na-adj. :(na)ndesu
Term
-sugiru means too much or too many
Definition
conjugates like a regular ru verb. (tabesugite)(eat too much)can follow i or na adj.
Term
-hougaiidesuka used for giving advice "it is better for you to..."
Definition
affirmative: follows past tense short form (ta)
negative: follows present tense short form (nai)
Term
-node to give reason
Definition
(reason)node, situation. follows short form predicate. use nanode after na adj.
Term
-nakuchaikemasen you must do something/ it is necessary to do something
Definition
ru verbs: nai drop the i
u verbs: nai drop the i
Term
-deshou guessing or making a prediction
Definition
follows verbs and i adj.s in short form, in the afffirmative and negative
na-adj:drop na
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