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| political power rests wit a small segment of society, ex: most powerful, wheter by wealth, fmaily, military strength, ruthlessness, or political influence |
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| question of "How can we form a government by the people that preserves liberty?" |
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| nature and arrangement of mechanisms that are in a constitution that form the government |
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| where the governement doesnt stay where it was normally placed |
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| defensive alliance among sovereign equals |
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| articles of confederation |
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| document outlining an alliance of sovereign because there was a weak central governing continetal congress |
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| power resides in the states and not in the federal government |
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| founding fathner and proponent of a bicameral legislature, 2nd president |
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| two separate divisions or houses |
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| 4th president, the father of the constitution, helped jefferson create the democratic republican party |
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| pennsulvania rep at constitutional convention, authorized large sectiona of the constitution, including preamble |
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| south caronlina rep,promoter of federalism, peruade rativication of the constitution in south carolina |
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| virginia rep, refused to sign the constitution becasue it did onot contain a declaration of rights |
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| each state would have proportinal representation in the congress |
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| eachs tate would have equal representation in the congress |
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| new jersy rep, presented teh new jersey plan, which gave equal represenation to states regardelss of size or population |
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| connecticut delaget, proposed the great compromise of one legislative house having proportional reps while the other had equal reps. |
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| power subject to the will of the people. basis for madison proportional representation in congress and a justification by the south for the continuance of slavery. |
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| one of the most well known founders, he helped secure france as an ally during the revolutionary war. |
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| dividing powers between the national and state governments |
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| 3 out of 5 slaves were counted as part of state population for taxation and representation. |
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| sttucture that makes it difficult for any one group to gain conrol of the government |
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| parts of the constittuiton that help organize nad conrol power |
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| when government officials are elected by previously chosen representatives and not directly by the people. |
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| hume's filter or filtersof consent |
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| people seelct the most virtuous reps, who choose even more virtuous government officials |
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| the written lisitng of the powers of government |
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| divinding powers of government between the three branches |
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| primary framer of the constitutionproposed the three fiths compromise for slave representation and election of the president by the people. |
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| bridges the separation of powers in governement by placing part of each power in two separate branches |
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| a group of individuals who share the same specific political agenda |
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| a force, influence, or weight that couterbalances another, eg; the roles of prosecutor and devense attorney in a trial. |
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| city or city state self governed by its citizens |
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| a specified majority of voters (70%) |
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| organizer of the boston tea party. signed declaration of independence, was opposed to a strong federal government |
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| plitgical group that ws against the ratification of the constitution |
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| first secretary of treasury founded the federalist party |
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| a plitical group that was for the ratification of the constitution |
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| proposed madison virginia plan, refused to sign the constitution cause no bill of rights. |
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| president of continental congress, first chief justice of the US |
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| pupose of gaining support for ratification of the constitution |
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| fudnemaental rights that government con not abrogate and which governemtn is bound to protect |
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| rights defined using narrow, concret language full of specific terms and qualifiers |
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| natural rights that dont proclain as an "is" but as an "ought", the way things "should" be |
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| laws passed to try and stifle the seditous writings of french propagandists |
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| supreme court case in which judicial review was established |
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| the authority of a court to hear certain kinds of cases first before it goes through a lower court |
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| congressional act that forms the federal court system and to authorize writs of mandamus |
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| the time inbetween the election of a new official and when they take office |
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| judiciary appointments of federalist judges made by federalist President John Adams before he left office. in responce to the deocratic-republican winning the election |
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| sued secretary of state, james madison , for delivery of his commisisiion which was withheld by president Jefferson |
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| sued secretary of state, james madison , for delivery of his commisisiion which was withheld by president Jefferson |
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| a court document forcing an action by a certain party |
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| power of supreme court to rule on the constitutionality of laws |
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| when losers in the political game continue to support the system, even when the system is against their ideology. |
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| political party founded by hamilton and john adams. great western empire, strong federal governemtn, broad interpretation of constitutional powers. |
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| democtratic-republican party |
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| Political party led by jefferson and madison self-reliant individuals to protect rights, smaller federal governemtn, and a narrow and strict interpretation of the constitution |
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| giving consent to a provision or law the first time, sucha s the ratification of the constitution |
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| giving continuing consent at certain intervals (through means such as elections) to a provision or law which original consent has been given |
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| is when the selection government officials is distanc\ed from direct election by the people in order to protect against mob rule and public whim |
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| the group of electors selected by the pople who are responsible for the selecton of the president |
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| receiving the largest percentage of the votes |
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| single representative districts |
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| each geographical region eletx its one representative independent of outcomes in other regions |
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| proportional representation |
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| party representation in the legislative body is closely tied to the national or regional vote of that party. |
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| fundamental alteration in the way life is lived. Usually unnoticed because it is a slow process |
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| promotine ones town or city to i ncrease both its quality and its public perception |
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| government of the people, by the bpeople |
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| chance in political power by the voting of the people |
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| a business entity created to mompolize and dominate a market |
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| 26th president, boisterous personality. promoted his "big stick" foreign policy |
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| 32nd president, only us president to serve more then 2 terms, he served 4. his exuberant public personality heleped boost the confidence of the nation through the great depression and leading into wwll |
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| plan by fraklin d roosevelt creation of government agencies to stimultate the economy and help the us escape the great depression |
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| part of the thedore roosevelt phrase:"speak softly and carry a big stick" which represented the military might of the US |
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| 28th president, wilson helped frame the treat of versailles ending wwl and proposed 14 points that included the formation of the league of nations |
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| moralistic ideals of wilson that were to be implemented after wwl in an attempt to have a lasting peace. |
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| one of the 14 points called for athe creation of a group of nations to help ensure peace. the US never joined because of a veto by congress. after wwll, the untied nations was formed with similar goals |
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| supreme court case in which the power of the federal government was expanded by broad interpretation of teh commerce clause |
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| mcCullough v. maryland (1819) |
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| supreme court case, greater fedral power was established by maintaining the national bank |
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| when the courts use judicial power to achieve social goals. |
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| 3rd president, principal author of the declaration of independence and an founding father. He founded the democratic repuclican party and promoted the idea of a small federal government. |
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| 3rd president, principal author of the declaration of independence and an founding father. He founded the democratic repuclican party and promoted the idea of a small federal government. |
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| 3rd president, principal author of the declaration of independence and an founding father. He founded the democratic repuclican party and promoted the idea of a small federal government. |
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| plan of jefferson to organize tha national domain into discrete territories along with a thre stage develpment of government institutions |
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| divide into mile square plots and organization into townships |
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| lands north of the ohio river |
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| northwest ordinance of 1787 |
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| creating self governing republics that would be systematically added to the union |
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| land purchased by thomas jefferson from france. midwest untied states |
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| 17th president, vetoed teh us banks charter and made other reforms to keep the federal government small |
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| political party members gather togher in order to have more solidarity and support |
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| promto\ing candidates as being form the comon masses, rather than as elite gentlmen pliticians |
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| large meeting of party delegates for the pupose of nominating candidates |
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| get out the vote activity |
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| voters rounded up and helped to get to the polling place |
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| group of pary loyalists deliver the vote on election day. They suse to do it illegally by buying votes or intimidation at the polls |
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