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Advanced Medical Terminology
Lesson 16: Skin
106
Medical
Professional
08/30/2008

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Term
ALBINO
Definition
Person with skin deficient in pigment (melanin)
Term
APOCRINE SWEAT GLAND
Definition
One of the large dermal exocrine glands located in the axilla and genital areas. It secretes sweat that, in action with bacteria, is responsible for human body odor
Term
BASAL LAYER
Definition
Deepest region of the epidermis; it gives rise to all the epidermal cells
Term
COLLAGEN
Definition
Structural protein found in the skin and connective tissue
Term
CUTICLE
Definition
Band of epidermis on the base and sides of the nail plate
Term
DERMIS
Definition
Middle layer of the skin
Term
ECCRINE SWEAT GLANDS
Definition
Most numerous sweat-producing exocrine gland in the skin
Term
EPIDERMIS
Definition
Outermost layer of the skin
Term
EPITHELIUM
Definition
Layer of skin cells forming the outer and inner surfaces of the body
Term
HAIR FOLLICLE
Definition
Sac within which each hair grows
Term
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Definition
The skin and it's accessory structures such as hair and nails
Term
KERATIN
Definition
Hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails. Keratin means horn and commonly is found in the horns of animals
Term
LIPOCYTE
Definition
A fat cell
Term
LUNULA
Definition
The half-moon-shaped whitish area at the base of the nail
Term
MELANIN
Definition
Major skin pigment. It is formed by melanocytes in the epidermis.
Term
PARONYCHIUM
Definition
Soft tissue surrounding the nail border
Term
PORE
Definition
Tiny opening on the surface of the skin
Term
SEBACEOUS GLAND
Definition
Oil-secreting gland in the dermis that is associated with hair follicles
Term
SEBUM
Definition
Oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands
Term
SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
Definition
Flat, scale-like cells composing the epidermis
Term
STRATIFIED
Definition
Arranged in layers
Term
STRATUM (PL. STRATA)
Definition
A layer (of cells)
Term
STRATUM CORNEUM
Definition
Outermost layer of the epidermis, which consists of flattened, keratinized, cells
Term
SUBCUTANEOUS LAYER
Definition
Innermost layer of the skin, containing fat tissue
Term
ADIP/O
Definition
Fat
Term
CAUS/O
Definition
Burn, burning
Term
CAUTER/O
Definition
Heat, burn
Term
CUTANE/O
Definition
Skin
Term

DERM/O

DERMAT/O

Definition
Skin
Term
DIAPHOR/O
Definition
Profuse sweating
Term

ERYTHEM/O

ERYTHEMAT/O

Definition
Redness
Term
HIDR/O
Definition
Sweat
Term
ICHTHY/O
Definition
Scaly, dry (fish-like)
Term
KERAT/O
Definition
Hard, horny tissue
Term
LIP/O
Definition
Fat
Term
MYC/O
Definition
Fungus (fungi include yeasts, mold, and mushrooms)
Term
ONYCH/O
Definition
Nail
Term
PHYT/O
Definition
Plant
Term
PIL/O
Definition
Hair
Term
PY/O
Definition
Pus
Term
RHYTID/O
Definition
Wrinkle
Term
SEB/O
Definition
Sebum
Term
SQUAM/O
Definition
Scale-like
Term
STEAT/O
Definition
Fat
Term
TRICH/O
Definition
Hair
Term
UNGU/O
Definition
Nail
Term
XER/O
Definition
Dry
Term
ALBIN/O
Definition
White
Term
ANTHRAC/O
Definition
Black (as coal)
Term
CHLOR/O
Definition
Green
Term
CIRRH/O
Definition
Tawny yellow
Term
CYAN/O
Definition
Blue
Term
EOSIN/O
Definition
Rosy
Term
ERYTHR/O
Definition
Red
Term
JAUND/O
Definition
Yellow
Term
LEUK/O
Definition
White
Term
LUTE/O
Definition
Yellow
Term
MELAN/O
Definition
Black
Term
POLI/O
Definition
Gray
Term
XANTH/O
Definition
Yellow
Term
CRUST
Definition
Collection of dried serum and cellular debris
Term
CYST
Definition
Thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material
Term
EROSION
Definition
Wearing away or loss of epidermis
Term
FISSURE
Definition
Groove or crack-like sore
Term
MACULE
Definition
Discolored often reddened flat lesion
Term
NODULE
Definition
Solid, round or oval elevated lesion more than 1cm in diameter
Term
PAPULE
Definition
Small, less than 1cm in diameter, solid elevation of the skin
Term
POLYP
Definition
Benign growth extending from the surface of mucous membrane
Term
PUSTULE
Definition
Small elevation of the skin containing pus
Term
ULCER
Definition
Open sore on the skin or mucous membranes within the body
Term
VESICLE
Definition
Small collection of clear fluid (serum); blister
Term
WHEAL
Definition
Smooth, slightly elevated, edematous (swollen) area that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin
Term
ALOPECIA
Definition
Absence of hair from areas where it normally grows
Term
ECCHYMOSIS (PL. ECCHYMOSES)
Definition
Bluish-black mark on the skin (bruise)
Term
PETECHIA (PL. PETECHIAE)
Definition
Small, pinpoint hemorrhage
Term
PRURITUS
Definition
Itching
Term
URTICARIA (HIVES)
Definition
Acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin
Term
ACNE
Definition
Chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased production of sebum
Term
BURNS
Definition
Injury to tissues caused by heat contact
Term
CELLULITIS
Definition
Diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling
Term
ECZEMA
Definition
Inflammatory skin disease with erythematous, papulovesicular lesions
Term
EXANTHEMATOUS VIRAL DISEASES
Definition
Rash (exanthema) of the skin due to viral infection
Term
GANGRENE
Definition
Death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply
Term
IMPETIGO
Definition
Bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted-over lesions
Term
PSORIASIS
Definition
Chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales
Term
SCABIES
Definition
A contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus
Term
SCLERODERMA
Definition
A chronic progressive disease of the skin with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue
Term
TINEA
Definition
Infection of the skin caused by fungus
Term
VITILIGO
Definition
Depigmentation in areas of the skin
Term
CALLUS
Definition
Increased growth of cells in the keratin layer of the epidermis caused by pressure or friction
Term
KELOID
Definition
Hypertrophied, thickened scar that occurs after trauma or surgical incision
Term
KERATOSIS
Definition
Thickened and reddened area of the epidermis, usually associated with aging or skin damage.
Term
NEVUS
Definition
Pigmented skin lesion
Term
VERRUCA
Definition
Epidermal growth (wart) caused by a virus
Term
BASAL CELL CARCINOMA
Definition
Malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis
Term
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
Definition
Malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells of the epidermis
Term
MALIGNANT MELANOMA
Definition
Cancerous growth composed of melanocytes
Term
KAPOSI SARCOMA
Definition
Malignant, vascular, neoplastic growth characterized by cutaneous nodules
Term
BACTERIAL ANALYSES
Definition
Samples of the skin are sent to a laboratory to detect the presence of microorganisms.
Term
FUNGAL TESTS
Definition
Scrapings from skin lesions, hair specimens, or nail clippings are sent to a laboratory for culture and microscopic examination
Term
CRYOSURGERY
Definition
Use of subfreezing temperature via liquid nitrogen application to destroy tissue
Term
CURETTAGE
Definition
Use of sharp dermal curette to scrape away a skin lesion
Term
ELECTRODESICCATION
Definition
Tissue is destroyed by burning with an electric spark
Term
MOHS SURGERY
Definition
Thin layers of a malignant growth are removed, and each is examined under a microscope
Term
SKIN BIOPSY
Definition
Suspected malignant skin lesions are removed and sent to the pathology laboratory for microscopic examination
Term
SKIN TEST
Definition
Reaction of the body to a substance by observing the results of injecting the substance intradermally or applying it topically to the skin
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