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ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY
Final Exam
29
Chemistry
Graduate
12/10/2016

Additional Chemistry Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
carriers
Definition

PARTICLES: liposomes and microspheres

[control drug release and used for targetting]

SOLUBLE MACROMOLECULES: antibodies and other proteins(albumin)

Term
rate of transfer through polymer
Definition
flux
Term

polymer thickness is_______

 

Are is area________

Definition

length

 

in contact with the environment

Term

3 math models

 

zero order

 

1st order

 

square root of time (t^-1/2)

Definition

zero order= true controlled release

 

1st order= release rate proportional to mass of active ingredient contained in device

 

square root of time release=release rate linear with square root of time remains finite as the sys approaches exhaustion

Term
diffusion devices
Definition

reservoir= diffusion from sat sol controlled by polymer membrane

 

matrix= where uniformly dispersed drug diffuses through polymer matrix. drug leaves creating ghost(sq rt of time release)

Term
solvent controlled
Definition

osmotic=rx released nearly zero order.drug forced thru laser driled hole

[osmotic pressure governs release]

swelling= drug uniformly dispersed in a polymer matrix.as matrix increases pore size does too

Term
chemically controlled
Definition

-bioerodible polymer

-matrix erodes

-drug diffuses thru matrix or released as matrix erodes

Term
depo testosterone is a
Definition

depo injectable prodrug

[lipophilic drugs,slowly release/dissolve]

 

Term
bioerodible microspheres
Definition

1-125 micrometers in diameter

have bioerodible matrix sys to prolong drug release

 

ex: Lupron Depot

[microspheres breaks down to polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid]

Term

implants

 

Definition

subQ

 

poor hemoperfusion

rich in fat

 

Term
membrane controlled (reservoir) polymer implants
Definition

-ZERO ORDER RELEASE

-REQUIRE SURGICAL INSERTION/SURGICAL REMOVAL

EX:NEXPLANON=(Birth contr up to 3 yrs)

Term
barium sulfate
Definition

in NEXPLANON birth control

makes implant radio opaque

Term

Histrelin acetate implants (polymer implant)

 

-Suprellan LA(for central precocious puberty)

-Vantas(for the palliative Tx of advanced prostate cancer)

Definition

non biodegradable implant= HYDRON(yr of steady release)

 

 

Term
Probuphine (polymer implant)
Definition

for opioid dependence

buprenorphine and ethylen vinyl acetate(EVA)

Term
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA)
Definition
for implant slowly degrades and releases drug
Term
Bioerodible matrix implants (polymer degrades)
Definition

Zoladex (10mm long,1mm diameter)

[inserted subQ in abdomen]

 

water penetrates and hydrolyzes polymer

(available as 1 or 3 month products)

Term

Gliadel Wafer (bioerodible intracranial implant) ewwwe

[image]

Definition

made of microspheres

 

bioerodible matrix

 

ex: CARMUSTINE=delivers 1000 times more than thru IV admin

Term
mechanical implants use ____ to deliver meds
Definition

positive pressure

 

[made of titanium for biocompatability]

 

ex:SYNCHROMED II = rotating cams squeeze tubing as they rotate and pushes out fluids. reservoir refilled thru a septum

 

Term
Codman 3000 Constant Flow Infusion Sys
Definition

This uses a drug-fluid containing bellows compressed by propellant to force drug fluid out through a flow restrictor

 

 MECHANICAL IMPLANT

Term

Insulin Pumps in U.S. (external Infusion pumps)

-programmed based on pt specific needs

-basal insulin delivery plus bolus dose prn

Definition

ANIMAS
ASANTE

TANDEM

OMNIPOD

MINIMED 

Term
Minimed real time paradigm revel insulinpump sys
Definition
has continuous glucose monitoring w/ sensor
Term
First artificial pancreas _______approved in 2016
Definition

Minimed 670G

 

only automates background insulin

shuts off if blood glucose drops too low

 

requires manual bolus

Term
Elastomeric infusion pumps
Definition

disposable pump uses elastic membrane for fluid delivery

 

popular ambulatory use

 

not as accurate as electronics

Term
Spatial control of drugs thru______&_______
Definition
Liposomes and Albumin nanoparticles
Term
Doxil
Definition

Doxorubicin  liposomes-IV for Kaposis sarcoma

 

water soluble

 

less cardiac toxicity due to tumor site specificity

Term
_______ are problems for Liposomes avoided by combining with PEG for protection
Definition

MPS

Mononuclear Phagocyte System

Term
Ambisome(liposome product)
Definition

Amphotericin B liposomes-antifungal product

 

lipid soluble

less nephrotoxicity

Term

Albumin nanoparticles

 

nanometer proportions

Definition

Abraxane= injectable susp(paclitaxel)

[very lipophilic]

formulated with the surfactant Cremaphor EL and 50% alcohol

 

Paclitaxel can cause reaction requiring glucocorticoid admin...not needed w/ abraxane

Term
Macromolecules
Definition

ONTAK-Denileukin Diftitox= recomb protein combining interleukin-2 and diptheria toxin

[targets cells w/ IL-2 receptors to deliver toxine]

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