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Adult Test #2
Dysrhymias
34
Nursing
Graduate
09/30/2011

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Cards

Term
irritability
Definition
when a site along the conduction pathway becomes irritated and speeds up taking over as the pacemaker
Term
automaticity
Definition
refers to the initiation of the electrical conduction of the heart without outside stimulation
Term
Sinus node conduction rate
Definition
60-100
Term
AV junction conduction rate
Definition
40-60
Term
Ventricular conduction rate
Definition
20-40
Term
escape mechanism
Definition
when the normal pacemaker slows down or fails and a pacemaker site the conducts slower takes over.
Term
How is voltage measured?
Definition
by comparing the height of the spike to the horizonta lines on graph paper
Term
waves
Definition
deflections above or below the isoelectric point
Term
intervals
Definition
the area between and including the waves
Term
complexes
Definition
a group of waves together
Term
P wave
Definition
atrial depolarization
Term
PR interval
Definition
atrial depolarization plus the delay of the impulse in the AV node
Term
QRS Complex
Definition
ventricular depolarization
Term
T wave
Definition
ventricular repolarization
Term
normal sinus rhythm
Definition
-sinus node initates impulses at normal rate
-60-100bpm
-1 p wave for every QRS
-rate is regular
Term
sinus bradycardia
Definition
-sinus node initiates regular impulses at a slow rate
-rhythm is regular
-< 60 bpm
Term
infective endocarditis
Definition
infection of the inner layer of the heart that usually affects the cardiac valves
treated with penicillin
Term
subacute infective carditis
Definition
-longer clinical course
-insidious onset
-caused by enterococci
-occurs with hx of valvular disease
Term
acute infective carditis
Definition
-shorter clinical course
-rapid onset
Term
Risk factors for infective carditis
Definition
-prior endocarditis
-prosthetic valves
-acquired valvular disease
-cardiac lesions
-over 50
-IV drug abuser
-intravascular devices
-renal dialysis
Term
vegetation
Definition
-accumulation of fibrin, leukocytes, platelets, and microbes
-adhere to valve or endocardium
Term
left sided vegetation
Definition
spreads to the brain, kidney, spleen
Term
right sided vegetation
Definition
spreads to lungs
Term
Acute pericarditis
Definition
-inflammation of the visceral and parietal pericardium
-often idiopathic or viral
Term
pericardial effusion
Definition
-compression of adjoining structures
-ex. lungs, phrenic nerve, laryngal nerve
Term
rheumatic fever
Definition
inflammatory disease of the heart that involves all 3 layers of the heart
-abnormal immune response
Term
rheumatic heart disease
Definition
chronic condition characterized by scarring and deformity of heart valves
Term
chorea
Definition
delayed involuntary movement
Term
erythema marginatum
Definition
bright pink macular lesions on trunk and proximal extremities
Term
subcutaneous nodules
Definition
firm, soft, hard, painless nodules over joints
Term
Stenosis
Definition
-valve or orifice is restricted and impeding forward blood flow
-creates a pressure gradient across open valve
Term
Regurgitation
Definition
-incomplete closure of a valve leaflets that results in backward flow of blood
-may result from ischemia or papillary muscle dysfunction
Term
valvuloplasty
Definition
repair of the valve by suturing torn leaflets, chordae tendineae or papillary muscles
Term
annuloplasty
Definition
ring used to reconstruct a regurgitant mitral valve annulus
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