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Details Title: Additional Cell Topics Description: Stuff for the test on Monday Total Flash Cards: 30 Created: 09/26/2004 07:52:27	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term Aerobic Respiration Definition The process in which cells make ATP by breaking down glucose; requires oxygen. this happens in the Eukaryote- Matrix, Cristae, Inner and Outer Membranes Produces ATP for energy. Term Cellular Respiration Definition C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O Term Facilitated Diffusion Definition Passive Transport, involves carrier proteins. Term Carrier Proteins Definition Protein that transports specific substances across a biological membrane. Term Diffusion Across Membrane Definition If a molecule is able to pass through a cell membrane, it wil diffuse from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Term Fermentation Definition Process in which cells convert glucose into lactic acid or ethel alcohol, in the absence of oxygen. HELPS KEEP GLYCOLYSIS GOING; 2 Types. No ATP produced. Term 2 major steps to Aerobic Respiration Definition The Krebs Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain. Term Electron Transport Chain Definition Process in which high energy electrons are passed along a series of molecules. Term Why do we breathe? Definition To get oxygen to the mitochondrion. Term Solvent Definition liquid in a solution that disolves everything else. Term Equilibrium Definition When the concentration of the molecules of a substance is the same throughout a space. (molecules are still in random motion) Term Solute Definition Gets disoved by the solvent. Term endocytosis Definition the process by which cells ingest external fluid, marcromolecules, and large particles, including other cells. Term isotonic Definition A solution whose solute concentration equals that inside the cell. Term hypotonic Definition A solution whose solute concentration is lower then that inside a cell. Term hypertonic Definition A solution whose solute concentrarion is higher then that inside a cell. Term active transport Definition From a lower concentration gradient to a higher concentration gradient Term exocytosis Definition the process by which a cell expells its contents into the cell's external invironment. Term Sodium Potassium-Pump Definition Transports Na+ and K+ up their concentration gradient For every three Na+ ions pumped out of the cell 2 k+ ions are pumped in. Term Concentration Gradient Definition The difference in the concentration of molecules across space. Term Krebs cycle Definition The oxidation of glucose that begins when glycolysis is completed. -has small amount of ATP -Hans Krebs-Germany-1900-1981 Term Osmosis Definition The process by which water molecules diffuse across a membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. It is a type of passive transport. Term Diffusion Definition Simplest type of passive transport. Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Term Mitochondrion Definition The organelle that is the site of aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells. Term Kinetic energy Definition Always in motion Term Glycolysis Definition A pathway in which glucose is oxidized into pyruvic acid; takes place in cytosol- chemical reaction Term Glucose Definition C6 H12 O6 Need a certain amount to keep body healthy Also known as blood sugar. Term ATP Definition Adenosine Triphosphate- Made in cytosol- broken off to form energy Term Types of Fermentation Definition Lactic Acid + Alcoholic Fermentation food examples: Grapes, Yeast, Barley, Bread. Term Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Definition Aerobic requires oxygen while Anaerobic does not