Shared Flashcard Set

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Adapter Cards and I/O Devices
n/a
80
Computer Science
12th Grade
11/06/2011

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Cards

Term
driver
Definition
a piece of software used by the operating system to manage and configure a device
Term
QWERTY
Definition
standard keyboard layout based on the original design for typewriters in the late 1800s
Term
Dvorak
Definition
non-traditional keyboard layout designed to improve typing speed while reducing errors
Term
optical
Definition
this type of mouse uses an LED to bounce light off the surface of the tabletop to determine its position
Term
ball
Definition
this type of mouse uses a hard rubber ball to manipulate a series of rollers inside the mouse to determine its position
Term
scanner
Definition
a peripheral device that creates an electronic image of a paper document or photo
Term
TWAIN
Definition
default interface and driver standard for scanners
Term
TWAIN is an acronym for ___.
Definition
Technology Without An Interesting Name
Term
OCR
Definition
a type of application that converts a scanned image of a document into editable text
Term
OCR is an acronym for ___.
Definition
Optical Character Recognition
Term
A mouse or keyboard will likely use one of these types of connections
Definition
6-pin mini-DIN (aka PS/2), USB, or wireless (5-pin DIN is obsolete)
Term
pixel
Definition
a single point in a graphic image
Term
Pixel is an acronym for ___
Definition
Picture Element
Term
megapixel count
Definition
Unit of quality of a digital camera image
Term
10 MP (2748 x 3664 = 1,0178,592 or 10 MP)
Definition
A digital camera that produces images that are 2748 pixels x 3664 pixels has what approximate pixel count?
Term
aspect ratio
Definition
the ratio of horizontal pixels to vertical pixels in a digital camera(or a monitor)
Term
optical zoom
Definition
The type of zoom uses the optics (lens) of the camera to bring the subject closer without negatively affecting the quality of the image
Term
digital zoom
Definition
This type of zoom factor crops and enlarges an area of a digital image and fills in the space with approximated pixels, thus negatively affecting the quality of the image
Term
biometric verification
Definition
the use of one or more distinguishing biological traits to identify a computer user (e.g., fingerprints, hand geometry, earlobe geometry, retina and iris patterns, voice waves, DNA, and signatures)
Term
bar code reader
Definition
device designed to read UPCs to track and manage inventory; primary used at POS terminals
Term
UPC is an acronym for ___.
Definition
Universal Product Code
Term
POS is an acronym for ___.
Definition
Point of Sale
Term
touch screen
Definition
type of monitor that allows a user to make selections and enter data by touch
Term
Examples of situations where touch screens can be useful
Definition
kiosks, POS, smartphones, tablets/readers
Term
KVM switch
Definition
peripheral device that allows two or more computers to a single keyboard, mouse, and monitor
Term
KVM is an acronym for ___.
Definition
Keyboard - Video - Mouse
Term
adapter card
Definition
hardware component that can add a new type of functionality to a computer system (e.g. dual monitors) or replace a faulty component on the motherboard (e.g. shorted-out network interface)
Term
Identify five types of PCI adapter cards
Definition
PCI (original - 32-bit), AGP (video), PCI-X (64-bit bus), Mini-PCI (laptops), and PCIe (serial transfer, most common)
Term
PCI is an acronym for ___.
Definition
Peripheral Component Interconnect
Term
ISA
Definition
This type of bus architecture was replaced by PCI
Term
Advantages of the PCI bus architecture
Definition
faster (direct connection to the Northbridge), wider (bus width), smaller, better case airflow, devices are self-configuring
Term
Plug-and-Play
Definition
self-configuring Windows utility for newly installed devices
Term
PnP is an acronym for ___.
Definition
Plug-and-Play
Term
lane
Definition
pair of wires used to transfer data across a PCIe bus (one wire to send, one wire to receive); card support up to 32 lanes (x32)
Term
available slot and operating system
Definition
Two factors that must be considered when selecting an adapter card
Term
Windows Logo'd Product List
Definition
list of Microsoft certified hardware and software components tested to work with specific versions of Windows
Term
probably
Definition
Will an adapter card that is not Windows certified work with your version of Windows?
Term
computer is turned off, card is stored in an anti-static bag, technician is wearing an anti-static strap, card is held by the edges, card is inserted straight into the motherboard, card is screwed to the case to stabilize and (possibly ground)
Definition
What precautions must be taken when installing an adapter card?
Term
device manufacturer's website and Windows Update
Definition
Name two sites for locating updated drivers
Term
Driver Roll Back
Definition
Windows utility that allows you to reverse the effects of an unsuccessful driver update by reinstalling the previous driver
Term
black exclamation mark
Definition
This symbol identifies a device with a missing or corrupt driver
Term
red X
Definition
This symbol identifies a device with a disabled driver
Term
blue "i"
Definition
This symbol identifies a device with manually configured resources
Term
Device Manager
Definition
Windows utility that allows the user to install and update device drivers and configure system resources
Term
127
Definition
The maximum number of devices in a USB chain
Term
daisy-chain
Definition
String of devices created by attaching one device to the previous device
Term
63
Definition
The maximum number of devices in a FireWire chain
Term
FireWire
Definition
Common name for an IEEE 1394 port
Term
isochronous
Definition
type of data transfer mechanism that delivers data as fast as it is displayed and insures synchronization of audio and video
Term
serial port
Definition
9-pin port that transmits data one bit at a time
Term
parallel port
Definition
25-pin port that transmits data one byte at a time
Term
CRT, LCD, projector
Definition
Three categories of display devices
Term
Cathode Ray Tube
Definition
CRT is an acronym for ___.
Term
Liquid Crystal Display
Definition
LCD is an acronym for ___.
Term
NVIDIA and ATI
Definition
Two major manufacturers of video adapter cards
Term
video card (with video processor and video RAM) and the monitor
Definition
Three components of a PC video system
Term
HRR
Definition
time it takes a CRT to "draw" a single line from left to right
Term
VRR
Definition
time it takes a CRT to "draw" the screen from top to bottom
Term
Horizontal Refresh Rate
Definition
HRR is an acronym for ___.
Term
Vertical Refresh Rate
Definition
VRR is an acronym for ___.
Term
flicker
Definition
The result of manually configuring VRR lower that a CRT's default rate
Term
image distortion
Definition
The result of manually configuring VRR higher that a CRT's default rate
Term
resolution
Definition
The number of horizontal pixels x the number of vertical pixels
Term
640 x 480, 800 x 600, 1024 x 768, 1280 x 960, and 1600 x 1200
Definition
Five common monitor resolutions exhibiting a 4:3 aspect ratio
Term
aspect ratio
Definition
The ratio between horizontal and vertical pixel count
Term
4:3
Definition
Common pixel count for a standard width monitor
Term
16:9
Definition
Common pixel count for a wide screen monitor
Term
interlacing
Definition
Process used by some CRT to "draw" a screen in two passes instead of one
Term
LCD
Definition
Most common type of display device in use
Term
response rate
Definition
time is takes for all sub-pixels in a LCD display to transition from pure black to pure white and back again
Term
native resolution
Definition
the fixed number of pixels an LCD is designed to display
Term
anti-aliasing
Definition
Blurring technique used to soften the edges of pixels in a device running at a resolution lower than native
Term
require less power, smaller and lighter, more adjustable, causes less eye strain
Definition
Advantages of using an LCD monitor over a CRT
Term
more expensive, lower color saturation, lower contrast ratio, single (native) resolution, more fragile
Definition
Disadvantages of using an LCD monitor over a CRT
Term
Direct X
Definition
suite of communications protocols that allow programs and applications to communicate directly with the hardware without Windows interference
Term
projector
Definition
display device designed to create large images for group viewing
Term
lumens
Definition
unit of measurement for projector brightness
Term
throw
Definition
distance between the projector and the image on the screen
Term
Energy Star
Definition
EPA program that identifies and promotes energy efficient products
Term
degauss
Definition
electronic process through which stray magnetic fields are removed from the inside of a CRT
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