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Activity - Taylor Ch. 33 - Definitions
Body mechanics, Body alignment, activity & exercise, Transfer, ROM
26
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
09/15/2013

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Term
Range of Motion
Definition
This is the complete extent of movement of which a joint is normally capable
Term
active exercise
Definition
joint movement activated by the person
Term
ankylosis
Definition
fixation or immobilization of a joint
Term
atrophy
Definition
decrease in the size of a body structure
Term
body mechanics
Definition
efficient use of the body as a machine and as a means of locomotion
Term
cartilage
Definition
hard nonvascular connective tissue found in the joints as well as in the nose, ear, thorax, trachea, and larynx
Term
contractures
Definition
permanently contracted state of a muscle
Term
dangling
Definition
position in which the person sits on the edge of the bed with legs and feet dangling over the side of the bed
Term
exercise
Definition
active exertion of muscles involving the contraction and relaxation of muscle groups
Term
flaccidity
Definition
decreased muscle tone; synonym for hypotonicity
Term
footdrop
Definition
complication resulting from extended plantar flexion
Term
isokinetic exercise
Definition
exercise involving muscle contractions with resistance varying at a constant rate
Term
isometric exercise
Definition
exercise in which muscle tension occurs without a significant change in muscle length
Term
isotonic exercise
Definition
movement in which muscles shorten (con-tract) and move
Term
ligaments
Definition
tough fibrous bands that bind joints together and connect bones and cartilage
Term
negative nitrogen balance
Definition
condition resulting in muscle wasting and decreased physical energy for movement and work (e.g., anorexia nervosa and certain cancers)
Term
neurons
Definition
nerve cells, which conduct impulses from one part of the body to another
Term
orthopedics
Definition
the correction or prevention of disorders of body structures used in locomotion
Term
osteoporosis
Definition
condition characterized by loss of calcium from bone tissue
Term
paralysis
Definition
absence of strength secondary to nervous impairment
Term
paresis
Definition
impaired muscle strength or weakness
Term
passive exercise
Definition
manual or mechanical means of moving the joints
Term
patient care ergonomics
Definition
practice of designing equipment and work tasks to conform to the capability of the worker in relation to patient care
Term
spasticity
Definition
increased muscle tone
Term
tendons
Definition
strong, flexible, inelastic fibrous bands that attach muscle to bone
Term
tonus
Definition
normal, partially steady state of muscle contraction
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