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Acid/Base Definitions
General Chemistry: Ebbing, Gammon: Chapter 15
12
Chemistry
Undergraduate 2
11/02/2010

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Term
Arrhenius - Acids
Definition
Defined by an increase in the concentration of H3O ions (hydronium ions) when dissolved in water
Term
Arrhenius - Base
Definition
Defined by an increase in the concentration of OH ions (hydroxide ions) when dissolved in water
Term
Arrhenius - Pro's
Definition

Good start

It's simple

Easy to identify acids and bases

Term
Arrhenius - Con's
Definition

Not inclusive of bases or solvents (only good for water)

It's not realistic

It's not process-oriented

Uses different anchors

Term
Bronstead-Lowry - Acid
Definition
Defines an acid as the species that donates a proton in the proton-transfer reaction
Term
Bronstead-Lowry - Base
Definition
Defines a base as the species that accepts a proton in the proton-transfer reaction
Term
Bronstead-Lowry - Pro's
Definition

It's realistic

It's process oriented

It's more inclusive of bases and solvents

Uses the same anchors

Term
Bronstead-Lowry - Con's
Definition
Hard to identify bases
Term
Lewis Acid
Definition
Defined as the species that accepts the electron pair to form a covalent bond
Term
Lewis Base
Definition
Defined as the species that donates the electron pair to form a covalent bond
Term
Lewis - Pro's
Definition

Most inclusive

Uses the same anchors

It's realistic

It's process-oriented

Term
Lewis - Con's
Definition

More complex

Harder to identify acids and bases, specifically acids

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