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Absolutism
AP World Vocab terms
46
History
12th Grade
02/27/2011

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Term
Absolutism
Definition
One Monarch thats has total power over the nation.
Term
Henry IV (of France)
Definition
Of the Bourbon dynasty, he unites France and changes the religion from Protestant to Catholic. He creates the Edict of Nantes which allows Protestantism, freedom of religion.
Term
Lois XIII
Definition
Absolutist king that didn't want to rule france.
Term
Cardinal Richelieu
Definition
Governed over france before Louis XIII came of age. He was an advisor that basically ran the country because Louis didn't want to. He was vey Machiavellian, manipulative, and weeded out dissenters. 
Term
3 Musketeers
Definition

Written by Dumas. It told a story of 3 friends, with Cardinal Richelieu as the villain. "All for one and one for all". 


Term
Cardinal Mazarin
Definition
The advisor to Louis  XIV and the apprentice of Cardinal Richelieu. He was dismissed by Louis  XIV when he came of age. 
Term
Louis XIV
Definition
The sun King. He led France to a golden age and built the Palace of Versailles. He was frivolous and used the tax money for lavish things. He built the Hotel des Invalides, a rehab center for soldiers, and revoked the edict of Nantes. 
Term
Palace of Versailles 
Definition
Built by Louis XIV. Located outside the city of PAris in the country side, away from peasants. The nobles lived inside with the king and waited on his every need.
Term
1680
Definition
Huguenots flee France
Term
Hall of Mirrors
Definition
Ballroom in the Palace of Versailles that was covered in mirrors. 
Term
Sun King
Definition
Louis XIV
Term
"I am the state"
Definition
Said by Louis XIV
Term
Bourbon
Definition
Ruling family of France. Includes Henry IV, Louis XIII, and Louis XIV.
Term
Philip II  of Spain
Definition
Was married to Mary I of England, and proposed to Elizabeth I but was turned down. He launched the Spanish Inquisition which killed any non Christians in terrible forms of torture. He sent the Spanish Armada after England but was defeated. 
Term
Spanish Inquisition
Definition
Philip II started it to destroy people accused of speaking out against the church.
Term
1588
Definition
Defeat of Spanish Armada & Ivan the terrible 
Term
Spanish Armada
Definition
The most powerful navy at the time. Belonged to Spain, defeated by Elizabeth I.
Term
Ivan the Terrible
Definition
Russian Czar during the 1500's. He built the Kremlin, and her defeated the Tartars. He had a terrible childhood; his parents were murdered and nobles raised him cruelly. He was married to Anastasia, but she died and he went crazy after, and accidentally killed his son during a quarrel. 
Term
The Kremlin
Definition
Fortress built by Ivan the Terrible, it was used as headquarters for government.
Term
Moscow
Definition
Capital of Russia and location of Kremlin.
Term
Time of Troubles
Definition
Period of deceit amongst the nobles, There were many impostures trying to become ruler, and when the nobles didn't like what they were doing they were exposed as phonies and killed. 
Term
Romanov Family
Definition
Ruled from 1613 to 1917, Michael Romanov was chosen to become Czar by the nobles because he was related to the beloved Anastasia. He restored Russia from its time of troubles. His son Alexi established Russia's first theater.
Term
Peter the Great
Definition
Ruled from 1672-1725, he westernized Russia. He traveled to Europe on the Grand Embassy tour, hiring Europeans to come back and teach the Russian workers how to build ships and such for 2 years. He created St. Petersburg and made it the new capital of Russia. 
Term
St. Petersburg
Definition
Fortress built by Peter the Great. Referred to as "Window to the West" and its architecture was remolded after European designs. It became the new capital of Russia. 
Term
Window to the West
Definition
Name for St. Petersburg. 
Term
The Great Northern War
Definition
Lasted from 1700-1721 between Sweden and Russia. Peter the Great won the war and expanded Russia borders into Swedish territory to build St. Petersburg. It put Russia on the map of others as a growing power.
Term
Westernization
Definition
Russia's attempt to industrialize and become more like europe.
Term
1703
Definition
St. Petersburg/ Westernization
Term
Grand Embassy 
Definition
A tour the Peter the Great took around Europe. It was supposed to last 2 years, but Peter left after 1 year due to his plotting sister. Peter walked around with a large entourage, attempting to look like a commoner. HE was so amazed by European ideas, he wanted to make Russia the same way.
Term
Eastern Orthodox Religion
Definition
Originated from the Byzantine empire, it was adopted by the Russians who called it the Russian Orthodox Religion.
Term
Cold Water Ports
Definition
Ports on the Baltic Sea found by Peter the Great
Term
Catherine the Great
Definition
Russia's first and only female czar. She was a German Princess that wanted all of Russia to forget that she was foreign, so she adopted all Russian traditions. She found warm water ports.
Term
1780
Definition
Catherine is crowned, continues westernization.
Term
Winter Palace/ Hermitage
Definition
The Winter Palace was built by Elizabeth, Peter the Great's daughter. She was extravagant, and spent the money lavishly. She wanted a new palace because it was difficult to get to parties in the one that Peter built. She bankrupted the Russian Economy. The Hermitage is now a museum that is open to the public to see the Winter Palace.
Term
Amber Room
Definition
Catherine's palace near St. Petersburg is a complete chamber decoration of amber panels blackened with gold leaf mirrors. Due to its singular beauty, it was dubbed the "Eighth Wonder of the World".
Term
Warm Water Ports
Definition
Located on the Black Sea, found by Catherine the Great.
Term
Sefdom
Definition
People bound to the land, not the lord.
Term
Enlightened Despot
Definition
An enlightened Ruler.
Term
Hasburg 
Definition
One of the most important royal houses of Europe, sometimes referred to as the House of Austria. It housed the Holy Roman Emperors along with Austrian Rulers.
Term
Thirty Years War
Definition
1618-1648, war fought in Germany, it was one of the most destructive in European history. It was a religious conflict between the Protestants and the Catholics of the Holy Roman Empire.
Term
Eighty Years War
Definition
The Dutch War of Independence. 1568-1648, the Dutch revolted against Philip II of Spain.
Term
Maria Theresa
Definition
The only female ruler of the Habsburg house as well as the last Habsburg ruler.
Term
Joseph II
Definition
The Holy Roman Emperor during 1765-1790. He was the ruler of the Habsburg lands.
Term
Frederick the Great
Definition
The king of Prussia, he attacked Austria and claimed Silesia during the Silesian War.
Term
Seven Years War
Definition
The first global war that originated between English and French powers. The French and Indian war was one of the battles fought.
Term
Baroque
Definition
Architecture was a new type of architecture started in the 16th century in Italy. It was a new type of architecture started in the 16th century in Italy. It was in response to the Counter Reformation. Its embellishments were on the one hand more accessible to the emotions and on the other hand, a visible statement of the wealth and power of the church.
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