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Abnormal Psychology
Disorders
97
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
05/09/2012

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Term
Major Depressive Disorder
Definition

 Consists of a single episode or recurrent episodes

-No history of manic or hypomanic episodes

 

·  Specifiers: melancholic features (lost all interest, not sleeping, eating)

psychotic features (delusions, hallucinations)

atypical features (eat more/sleep less/agitated/depressed)

Seasonal pattern (SAD)-2+ episodes in past 2 years occurring at same time of year

 

Post-partum onset (following giving birth)

Term
Major Depressive Episode
Definition

2+ week period with 5+:

Depressed mood, loss of interest in daily activities, unintentional weight loss/gain, insomnia, agitation or retardatioin

Term
Dysthymic Disorder
Definition

depressed mood for most of the day, for more days then not 2+ years with 2+ symptoms:

poor appetite or overeating, insomnia, low energy, low self esteem, feleing of hopelessness

Term
Manic Episode
Definition
Period of abnormally elevated, or irritable mood for 1+ week.
Term
Hypomanic Episode
Definition
period of elevated, or irritable mood lasting 4+ days
Term
Bipolar 1 Disorder
Definition

presence of 1 or more manic episodes (necessary)

presence of 1 or more depressive episodes (not n)

 

 

Term
Bipolar ll Disorder
Definition

presence of 1 or more hypomanic episodes (necessary)

presence of 1 or more major depressive episodes (n)

 

No history of manic episodes

Term
Cyclothymic Disorder
Definition

For 2+ years, presence of number periods with hypomanic symptomsm and depressive symptoms that DO NOT meet criteria for major depressive episode

 

person hasnt gone w/o symptoms for 2 continuous months

 

no major depressive episode or manic episode

Term
Specific Phobia
Definition
Persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable, CUED by presence of specific object
Term
Social Phobia
Definition
Persistent fear of a social performance situation where the victim is exposed to unfamiliar ppl
Term
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Definition
Excessive anxiety occurring more days than not for >6 months w/ no real cause to worry
Term
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Definition

Exposure to traumatic event involving actual or threatened death.

 

Lasts longer than a month.

Term
Acute Stress Disorder
Definition

Exposure to traumatic event involving actual or threatened death.

 

Lasts 2 days-4 weeks after trauma.

Term
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Definition

Either obsessions or compulsions


Obsessions: recurrent thoughts/impulses that cause anxiety or distress


Compulsions: repetitive behavior person feels driven to perform in response to obsession/rules

Term

Hypocondriasis

Definition

 

Preoccupation with fears of contracting serious diseases by misinterpreting bodily symptoms

 

Focus on meaning of symptoms, rather than symptoms themselves.

Term
Somatization Disorder
Definition

History of complaints before age 30 that occur over several years and result in treatment-seeking

 

Seeks treatment from multiple doctors constantly

 

4 pain symptoms, 2 gastrointestinal symptoms (not pain), 1 sexual symptom, 1 pseudoneurological symptom

 
Term
Pain Disorder
Definition
Pain in one or more sites as a primary focus of clinical presentation
Term
Conversion Disorder
Definition

1+ symptoms affecting voluntary motor (selective paralysis) or sensory function (blindness) that suggest a neurological or general medical condition.

 

 

Symptoms not feigned or intentionally produced

Term
Body Dismorphic Disorder
Definition
Preoccupation w/ an imagined defect in appearance.
Term
Factitious Disorder
Definition

Intentionally producing or feigning physical or psychological signs of illness.

It has no tangible incentives.

 
Term
Munchausen Syndrome
Definition

Individual’s life consumed with pursuit of medical care

Spend inordinate amount of time inflicting injury on oneself to look sick so hospitalization necessary

 
Term
Munchausen syndrome by proxy
Definition

Person induces physical symptoms in another person who is under their care

Disorder often goes unnoticed because the victim is too frightened to speak out about true cause of symptoms

 
Term
Depersonalization Disorder
Definition
Persistent or recurrent experiences of feeling detached from one’s mental processes or body
Term
Dissociative Amnesia
Definition
Inability to recall important personal information, typically of a traumatic or stressful nature, that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness.
Term
Dissociative Fugue
Definition
Sudden, unexpected travel away from home or work with inability to recall one’s past
Term
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Definition
Presence of 2+ distinct identities or personality states, each with its own relatively enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and the self
Term
Anorexia Nervosa
Definition

Refusal to maintain a body weight that is normal for the person’s age and height.

Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, even though underweight.

 
Term
Bulimia Nervosa
Definition

Eating, in a fixed period of time, an amount of food that is definitely larger than most people would eat during a similar period of time and under similar circumstances.

-A sense of lack of control over eating 

Term
Binge Eating Disorder
Definition

Recurrent episodes of binge eating associated with 3+


-Eating much more rapidly than normal

-Eating to the point of feeling uncomfortably full

-Eating large amounts of food when not hungry

-Eating alone due to embarrassment about how much one is eating

 
Term
Schizophrenia
Definition

2+ symptoms, present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period:

 

Delusions

Hallucinations

Disorganized speech

Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior

 
Term
Shizophreniform Disorder
Definition
Same as schizophrenia except length wise they are different. Schizophrenia lasts at least 6 months, while schizophreniform lasts 1 month to 6 months.
Term
Brief Psychotic Disorder
Definition
Time disorder: one day to one month for brief psychotic disorder. Also it tends to respond to a certain stressor and otherwise the disorder is over with.
Term
Schizoaffective Disorder
Definition
Mood symptoms co-occurring with their schizophrenic symptoms. Person has psychotic and mood symptoms.
Term
Delusional Disorder
Definition
Person experiences delusions that could technically be true, not too unusual whereas schizophrenia have absurd delusions.
Term
Shared Psychotic Disorder
Definition
Somebody has delusions, and someone they are really close to develops that delusion.
Term
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Definition
Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others, motives of others are interpreted as malevolent beginning in early adulthood
Term
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Definition
Pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and restricted range of expression of emotioins in interpersonal settings, beginning in early adulthood.  
Term
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Definition
Social and interpersonal deficits marked by discomfort with and reduced capacity for, close relationships as well as cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior, beginning by early adulthood. 
Term
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Definition
Excessive emotionality/attention seeking
Term
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Definition
Grandiosity, need for admiration and lack of empathy, beginning in early adulthood
Term
Borderline Personality Disorder
Definition
Pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect, and marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts. 
Term
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Definition
Pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others occurring since age 15
Term
Avoidant Personality Disorder
Definition
Pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation. 
Term
Dependent Personality Disorder
Definition
Pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clinging behavior and fears of separation
Term
Obsessive Compulsice Personality Disorder
Definition
Pervasive pattern of preoccupation w/orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control at the expense of flexibility, openness and efficiency
Term
Mental Retardation
Definition
Significantly sub-average intellectual functioning 
Term
Learning Disorders
Definition
Academic skill that is substantially below what would be expected given age, intelligence and education
Term
Communication Disorders
Definition
Impairment in the expression or understanding of language
Term
Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Definition

Severe impairments in several areas of development or the presence of extremely odd behaviors, interests, and activities.

 

 

-Autistic disorder, Aspergers’s disorder, Rett’s disorder, Childhood disintegrative disorder

 
Term
Autistic Disorder
Definition
Delays or abnormal functioning in language, social interaction, or symbolic play (repetitive behavior)
Term
Aspergers Disorder
Definition

Impairment in social interaction. Restricted repetitive behavior, interests, and activities. The disturbance causes clinically significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

No clinically significant general delay in language, cognitive development or in the development of age-appropriate self-help skills, adaptive behavior, and curiosity about the environment in childhood

 
Term
Retts Disorder
Definition
Apparently normal prenatal and perinatal development, normal psychomotor development through the first 5 months after birth
Term
Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
Definition
Apparently normal development for at least the first 2 years
Term
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Definition
Inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity
Term
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Definition
Pattern of negativisitic, hostile, and defiant behavior lasting at least 6 months
Term
Conduct Disorder
Definition
A repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated. 
Term
Seperation Anxiety Disorder
Definition
Developmentally inappropriate and excessive anxiety concerning separation from home or from those to whom the individual is attached.
Term
Selective Mutism
Definition
Consistent failure to speak in specific social situations despite speaking in other situations. Rare, mainly seen in preschool age.
Term
Rumination Disorder
Definition
Repeated regurgitation and re-chewing of food.
Term
Feeding Disorder
Definition

 

Persistent failure to eat adequately w/significant failure to gain weight or significant weight loss.

 

Term
Tourette Syndrome
Definition
Both motor and vocal tics occurring many times a day, for over a year
Term
Chronic/Motor Tic Disorder
Definition
Single or multiple motor or vocal tics, but not both, occurring many times a day, for over a year.
Term
Transient Tic Disorder
Definition
Single or multiple motor and/or vocal tics occurring many times a day, nearly every day for at least 4 weeks, but no longer than 1 year
Term
Fetishism
Definition
Recurrent/intense sexually arousing fantasies/urges/behaviors involving use of nonliving objects
Term
Transvestic Fetishism
Definition
In a heterosexual male, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving cross dressing
Term
Voyuerism
Definition
Sexual fantasies involving the act of observing an unsuspecting person who is naked, in the process of disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity
Term
Exhibitionism
Definition
Sexual fantasies involving the exposure of one’s genitals to an unsuspecting stranger.
Term
Sexual Sadism
Definition
Sexual fantasies involving real (not stimulated) acts in which the psychological or physical suffering of the victim is sexually exciting to person
Term
Sexual Machocism
Definition
sexual fantasies involving act of being humiliated, beaten, bound, or otherwise made to suffer
Term
Pedophilia
Definition
Sexual fantasies involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child or children
Term
Frottuerism
Definition
Sexual fantasies involving touching and rubbing against a non-consenting person
Term
Gender Identity Disorder
Definition
Strong and persistent cross-gender identification (not merely a desire for any perceived cultural advantages of being the other sex). 
Term
Sexual Desire Disorder
Definition
Persistently or recurrently deficient or absent sexual fantasies and desire for sexual activity
Term
Sexual Aversion Disorder
Definition
Persistent or recurrent extreme avoidance of, all genital sexual contact with sexual partner
Term
Female Sexual Arousal Disorder
Definition
Persistent or recurrent inability to attain, or to maintain until completion of the sexual activity, an adequate lubrication-swelling response of sexual excitement
Term
Male Erectile Disorder
Definition
Persistent inability to attain, or maintain completion of sexual activity, an adequate erection
Term
Female Orgasmic Disorder
Definition
Persistent delay in orgasm following normal sexual excitement phase
Term
Premature Ejaculation
Definition
Persistent ejaculation with minimal sexual stimulation before the person wishes it
Term
Dysparuenia
Definition
Recurrent genital pain associated with sexual intercourse in either male or female
Term
Vaginismus
Definition
Recurrent involuntary spasm of outer muscles of vagina that interferes with sexual intercourse
Term
Substance Abuse
Definition
Maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to clinically significant distress or impairment
Term
Substance Dependance
Definition
Maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to clinically significant distress or impairment. Tolerance, Withdrawal.
Term
Intermittent Explosive Disorder
Definition
Several discrete episodes of failure to resist aggressive impulses that resault in serious assaultive acts or destruction of property.
Term
Kleptomania
Definition
Failure to resist impulses to steal objects that are not needed for personal use or for their monetary value.
Term
Pyromania
Definition
deliberate and purposeful fire setting on more than one occasion.
Term
Trichotillomania
Definition
recurrent pulling out of one's hair resulting in noticeable hair loss.
Term
Pathological Gambling
Definition

persistent and maladaptive gambling behavior with 5+:

 

proccupation w/ gambling, needs to gamble w/ increasing amounts of money, restless or irritable when attempting to cut down, repeated unsuccesful efforts to quit.

Term
Delirium
Definition
Disturbance of consciousness w/ reduced ability to focus, sustain, or shift attention
Term
Dementia
Definition

development of multiple cognitive deficits manifested by both: memory impairment and 1+ cognitive disturbances:

 

aphasia (language disturbance), apraxia (impaired ability to carry out motor activities), agnosia (failure to recognize or identify objects)

Term
Insomnia
Definition
difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep for at least a month.
Term
Hypersomnia
Definition
excessive sleepiness for at least 1 month as evidenced by either prolonged sleep episodes or daytime sleep episodes that occur almost daily.
Term
Narcolepsy
Definition
Irresistable attacks of refreshing sleep that ocur daily over 3+ months.
Term
breathing related sleep disorder
Definition
sleep disruption, leading to excessive sleepiness or insomnia, that is judged to be due to sleep related breathing condition
Term
Nightmare Disorder
Definition
repeaated awakenings with detailed recall of extended and extremely frightening dreams, usually involving threats to survival, security or self esteem.
Term
Sleep Terror Disorder
Definition
Recurrent episodes of abrupt awakening from sleep, usually occurring during the first third of the sleep episode, and beginning with a panicky scream
Term
Sleepwalking Disorder
Definition
Repeated episodes of rising from bed during sleep and walking about, usually occurring during the first third of the sleep episode.
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