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Abnormal Psychology
Eating Disorders
31
Psychology
Undergraduate 4
03/31/2010

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Cards

Term
Eating Disorder
Definition

- intense fear of becoming over and appearing "fat"

- Pursuit of thinness

Term
Anorexia Nervosa
Definition

- Refusal to maintain normal body weight

- Intense fear of gaining wieght or becoming fat

- Distorted perception of body shape and size

- Amenorrhea

Term
Weight percentile of anorexics for normal age and height
Definition
85% for normal age and height
Term
Amenorrhea
Definition
Absence of at least 3 consecutive menstrual period (post-pubescent females only)
Term
Hypotension
Definition
Low blood pressure
Term
Lanugo
Definition
Downy hair growth
Term
3 Physiological changes associated with Anorexia Nervosa
Definition

- Hypotension

- Lanugo

- Amenorrhea

Term
Behaviors associated with Anorexia Nervosa
Definition

- Efforts to conceal thinness

- Compulsive exercising

- Misuse of laxative, diuretics and enemas, vomiting

Term
Bulimia Nervosa
Definition

- Recurrent episodes of binge eating

- Recurrent and inappropriate compensatory behaviors for binge eating (purging, etc.)

- Self-evaluation excessively influenced by weight and body shape

Term
Weight of someone with Bulimia Nervosa
Definition
Typically normal weight or slightly overweight
Term
Lifetime prevalence of Eating Disorders
Definition

AN: 0.9% women, 0.3% men

BN: 1.5% women, 0.5% men

Term
Average age on onset for Eating Disorders
Definition

AN: adolescence (15-19 years old)

BN: young adulthood (20-24 years old)

Term
Gender difference in Eating Disorder prevalence
Definition

Females (90%)

Males (10%)

Term
Minor medical complications of Anorexia Nervosa
Definition

- Lanugo

-Loss of bone mass

- Dec body temp

- Dry, scaly skin

- Constipation

-Dec thyroid function

- Dec blood pressure

- Des breathing rate

- Brittle nails

- Brittle hair and hair loss

Term
Percent of mortality among Pts with AN
Definition
3%
Term
Chronic imbalance of electrolytes (potassium) lead to
Definition

 

Kidney damage

Renal failure

Heart arrhythmias

Death

Term
Repeated purging leads to:
Definition

- Damaged heart tissue

-Damaged tooth enamel

- Tooth decay

-Oral ulcers

-Small red dots around eyes (from pressure)

- Swollen salivary glands (puffy cheeks)

 

Term
50x greater suicide completion rate than general population
Definition
AN
Term
High rate of suicide attempts but suicide completion rate no higher than general population
Definition
BN
Term
Heritability for Eating Disorders
Definition
Higher for AN than for BN
Term
4 Casual factors for Eating Disorders
Definition

- Heritability

- Disrupted serontonergic functioning

-Sociocultural influences

- Familial influences

Term
Common familial influences for AN
Definition

- Rigidity, parental overprotection, excessive control, martital discord btw parents

- Emphasis on: desirability of thinness, dieting, and physical appearance

Term
Amount of serotonergic functioning
Definition
Low in some brain areas, high in others
Term
Treatment of choice for AN
Definition
Family Therapy
Term
3 Phases of Family Therapy
Definition

Phase 1: Refeeding. Focus on parental support of healthy eating.

Phase 2: Negotiating new relational patterns.

Phase 3: Termination Phase.

Term
Effects of medications for AN
Definition
no evidence they are helpful
Term
First priority with treating a AN Pt
Definition

Establish a safe weight

 

-hospitalization

-intavenous feeding

-rigorous control of caloric intake

Term
Emphasis of CBT treatment for AN
Definition

Changing maladaptive cognitions concerning:

-weight

-food

-body image

-self

Term
Treatment of choice for BN
Definition
CBT
Term
Efficacy of antidepressant treatment for BN
Definition

Some improvement with:

 

-negative mood

-preoccupation with body shape and weight

-decreased frequency of binges

Term
CBT treatment for BN includes
Definition

Cognitive: challenge dysfunctional thoughts

-foods are not all good or bad

-ingesting a "bad" food is not a failure

 

Behavioral: focus on normalizing eating patterns, meal planning, nutrional education, practice eating smaller amounts more regularly

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