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Abnormal Psych Exam 4
Personality disorders, childhood disorders, disorders of aging and cognition, law, society and the mental health profession
44
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
11/08/2012

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Term
Personality
Definition
a unique and enduring pattern of inner experience and outward behavior
Term
Personality Disorder
Definition
an inflexible pattern of inner experience and outward behavior 9-13%
Term
Axis II disorders
Definition
The personality disorders are Axis II disorders; these patterns are not typically marked by changes in intensity or periods of clear improvement.
Term
Personality Trait
Definition
Complex pattern of behavior, thought and feeling that is stable across time and situations
Term
Fundamental attribution error
Definition
Attribute behaviors to personality traits and ignore influence of situations on behavior
Term
DSM IV: PERSONALITY DISORDER
Definition
Deviates from culture,
Effects at least two of : 1. Cognition 2.Affectivity, 3. Interspersonal functioning 4. Impulse control
Term
Comorbidity
Definition
THose diagnosed with personality disorders are often also diagnosed with an axis 1 disorder
Term
People who suffer from one of the "odd" cluster of personality disorders often display symptoms that are related to but are not as severe as:
Definition
schizophrenia
Term
_____ explanations of paranoid personality disorder suggest that it is the result of early interactions with rigid and distant fathers, and cold and controlling mothers. In fact, this particularly theoretical explanation basically explains almost all ten of the personality disorders in approximately the same way.
Definition
Psychodynamic
Term
Kumar is an individual who is often described as a 'strange duck' by his peers. He dresses strangely, has very unusual habits, and believes that he has ESP and can interpret future events before they happen. His predictions, however, are often very general so that he never has to admit that he was wrong and that he does not, in fact, have such abilities. Which personality disorder best describes Kumar's case?
Definition
schizotypal personality disorder
Term
Members of which of the following groups were the most common victims of hate crimes in the United States in 2006?
Definition
Racial/ ethnic groups
Term
Studies suggest that antisocial personality disorder might be linked to low levels of the neurotransmitter _____, which have also been linked to aggression and impulsiveness.
Definition
serotonin
Term
Odd/Eccentric Behavior disorder
Definition
Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal
Term
Dramatic Disorders
Definition
Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic
Term
Anxious Disorders
Definition
Avoidant, Dependant, Obsessive Compulsive
Term
From a(n) _____ perspective, narcissistic personality disorder is explained as being an attempt by people to convince themselves that they are totally self-sufficient and lacking a need for any true close, warm relationships with their parents or anyone else.
Definition
Object Relations
Term
Lakita wants to get a degree in accounting so that she can become a CPA. She has decided to take classes online, however, because she is very timid about going to a class with 30 to 300 other students where she might be expected to speak out. She is afraid that if she says something silly, gives a wrong answer, or just acts in an inappropriate way she will be shamed in front of others. Lakita has always struggled with this problem, and has thus lived as relatively isolated life for quite a few years. Lakita might be diagnosed as having:
Definition
avoidant personality disorder
Term
Alyssa suffered from separation anxiety disorder as a child, the symptoms of which were never fully addressed and never fully went away. Given what you know about personality disorders, which of these diagnoses is she most at risk to develop as an adult?
Definition
Dependent Personality Disorder
Term
About _____% of those who are diagnosed with borderline personality disorder are women.
Definition
75
Term
Research examining the ratios of men and women receiving a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder in different cultures has found that _____ Americans receive disproportionately more of these diagnoses than do white Americans.
Definition
Hispanic
Term
One problem that has been found with the diagnosis of personality disorders is that different clinicians of similar training might come to very different diagnoses when evaluating the same client. This problem refers to a deficit of diagnostic _____ within these disorders.
Definition
Reliability
Term
Which of the following is not a reason why the DSM-IV-TR method of categorizing personality disorders has been criticized?
Definition
There are no accurate ways of assessing personality disorders, so it is always a "best guess" and never has any true validity.
Term
Due to the apparent overlap between different personality disorders, some have suggested that it would be better to assess the _____ rather than the _____ of dysfunction that is experienced.
Definition
degree; type
Term
In order to implement Shedler and Westen's model of personality pathology, clients would be assessed using a _____statement assessment tool. Using this tool, a clinician would rate the client on each statement using a 0 to 7 point scale to determine the extent of personality-related pathology.
Definition
200
Term
Dr. Smith is evaluating his client, Julia, using the supertraits of the Big Five model of personality. He determines that Julia is high in neuroticism, medium in agreeableness and conscientiousness, and very low in extroversion and openness to new experiences. According to your textbook, individuals with this combination of personality traits are most likely to have _____ personality disorder.
Definition
avoidant
Term
DSM IV Problems with PD
Definition
1. Symptoms overlap
2. Diagnostic criteria overlap
3.lack of validity and reliability
4. Different characteristics can be same disorder
Term
Which of the following treatment approaches seems to be of minimal effectiveness for those suffering from schizoid personality disorder?
Definition
Drug therapy
Term
_____drugs prescribed in low doses have been shown to be of some help to those suffering from schizotypal personality disorder, possibly because of similar neurological roots between this diagnosis and schizophrenia.
Definition
antipsychotic
Term
Dominic suffers from trichotillomania and has for many years. Which of the following qualities would you be most likely observe in Dominic?
Definition
Dominic might have a large bald spot on his head that never seems to go away.
Term
At a recent wedding where she was a bridesmaid, Lydia "stole the show" during the reception by drinking far too much, dancing with all of the men (including those who were married or who were at the wedding with a date) in an overtly sexual manner, and insisting on being permitted to make an impromptu speech during the wedding dinner. In fact, most of the guests left the wedding commenting that it seemed to be Lydia's night rather than the bride's! Lydia might best be described as having:
Definition
histrionic personality disorder.
Term
leading criticism of DSM IV
Definition
Use of categories rather than dimensions of personality
Term
Dimensional Approach to PD
Definition
Personality Disorders differ more in degree than type of dysfunction
Term
BIg Five theory of PD
Definition
Five supertraits
1.Neuroticism
2.Extroversion
3. Openness to experience
4.Agreeableness
5. Conscientiousness

low, med, or high
Term
Psychodynamic theory has attempted to explain obsessive-compulsive personality disorder as arising from fixation at one of the psychosexual stages of development during childhood. What type of fixation has been specifically suggested as the culprit behind this personality disorder?
Definition
anal regressive fixation
Term
Some have argued that the "Big Five" theory is a useful model for considering personality disorders, but that it is too limited in its scope; that is, it does not allow for enough variation of both normal and abnormal personality. Shedler and Westen have proposed a similar model, but it identifies _____ broad factors rather the five factors noted in the "Big Five" model.
Definition
12
Term
Odd personality Disorders
Definition
Some clinicians believe that these disorders are related to schizophrenia
Term
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Definition
Not Delusional, however overall suspicion and deep distrust of others
-critical of others weaknesses and faults
-sensitive to criticism and blame others
-more men than women
-.5-3% of adults
Term
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Definition
Persistant avoidance of social relationships and limited emotional expression
-prefer to be alone
-seen as flat, cold, humorless
- >1% more men than women
Term
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Definition
Extreme discomfort in close relationships, odd ways of thinking, behavioral eccentricities, bodily illusions, attention problems, ideas of reference, conversation is vague and digressive may have loose associations
Term
Schizotypal
Definition
idle unproductive life, not goal oriented -2 to 4 % more male than female, strong link to schizophrenia
-linked to mood disorders and depression
-linked to family problems
Term
Anti-social personality disorders
Definition
more men than women
"psychopaths" or "sociopath"
-persistently disregard and violate others' rights
-most linked with adult criminal behavior
-person must be at least 18yrs old to get a diagnosis
-cruel, sadistic, aggressive, violent, reckless,
-occuring since age 15
Term
Kids with conduct disorder
Definition
Greater risk for antisocial disorder
Term
Borderline Personality Disorder
Definition
-Display great instability, major shifts in mood, unstable self image, impulsivity,
-bouts of anger (can be self directed)
-unstable relationships
-75 % women
-peaks at young adulthood
Term
Histrionic
Definition
engage in attention getting behavior, vain, self-centered, demanding
-males and females =
-seek treatment bc they are dramatic but dont get far
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