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Abnormal Child Psych
Chapter 9
22
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
03/03/2011

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
hyperkinetic reaction of childhood or adolescence
Definition
1968 DSM-II, what we now know as AD/HD
Term
AD/HD presence criterion
Definition

two 9 item symptoms lists:

1 for inattention

1 for hyperactivity/impulsivity

 

have to have 6 or more symptoms from one or both lists

Term
2 symptoms from the inattention AD/HD list
Definition

1. often does not seem to listen when spoken to directly

 

2. often has difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities

Term
2 symptoms from the hyperactivity/impulsivity AD/HD symptom list
Definition

1. often fidgets with hands or feet or squirms in seat

 

2. often has difficulty waiting turn

Term
persistence of AD/HD
Definition

A. symptoms persisting over 6 months or longer (@ intensity of 6 or more symptoms)

 

B. some symptoms that caused impairment present before age 7

Term
pervasiveness of AD/HD
Definition
some impairment from symptoms present in two or more settings
Term
impairment of AD/HD (same for almost every diagnosis)
Definition
must be clear evidence of clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning
Term
three types of AD/HD (subtypes)
Definition

1. combined type

2. predominantly inattentive type

3. predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type

Term

prevalence rate of AD/HD

1. children

2. male to female ratio

Definition

1. 5%

2. 3:1 male to female ratio

Term
Common comorbidities (and percentages)
Definition

1. Oppositional Defiant and Conduct Disorder: 75%

 

2. Anxiety and/or depression

 

3. Learning disorders: 25%

Term
Impairments associated with AD/HD
Definition

Motor coordination

Mental computation

Verbal fluency

organizational skills

emotional reactivity and regulation

Term
hyperkinetic disorder
Definition
AD/HD in England (ICD-10), much lower prevalence rates
Term
differential diagnosis
Definition

trying to establish which disorder, if any, is appropriate for a particular child

 

especially as so many common comorbidities

Term
"fledgling psychopaths"
Definition

term used to refer to children with hyperactivity, impulsivity, inattention, and conduct problems (all together)

 

b/c destined for troubled life if no prevention or intervention established

Term
heterotypic continuity
Definition
how the disorder displays itself differently throughout different stages of life (symptoms change but disorder the same)
Term
executive functions
Definition
various goal-directed processes involved in the selection, inhibition, and organization or thought and behavior (ie command center functions)
Term

other variables associated with AD/HD

 

possible unique correlates

Definition

family discord; negative parent-child interaction

peer neglect/rejection; school difficulties

poorer vocational achievement

 

parental AD/HD

academic underachievement

Term

Multimodel Treatment Study of Children with ADHD (MTA Study)

 

(also 5 non ADHD domains: ODD/CD symptoms, social skills, internalizing symptoms, parent-child relations, academic acheivement)

Definition

most comprehensive and largest recent study to explore treatment of ADHD

 

14 month randomized clinical trial of ADHD treatment strategies

about 600 kids age 7-9

 

super meds

intensive behavioral treatment

combo

standard community care (of all, most external validity)

Term
contingency management strategies
Definition

include:

token economies (kids receive reward after successful completion of specific behaviors)

time outs (decrease maladaptive behavior by removing reinforcements for that behavior)

response-cost procedures (child has to forfeit something desirable if they exhibit a specific maladaptive behavior)

Term
History: George Still and the Royal Academy of Physicians (1902)
Definition

case studies

impaired "volitional inhibition"

family history

suggested neurological impairment

Term
Encephalitis epidemics of 1917-1918
Definition
swelling of brain, afterward looked like George Still's case studies
Term

DSM-III-R and "attention-deficity hyperactivity disorder"

1987

Definition
ADD w/o hyperactivity=undifferentiated AD
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