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Abdomen 4: Posterior Abdominal Wall - UNC MS1 Anatomy
Abdomen 4: Posterior Abdominal Wall - UNC MS1 Anatomy
28
Anatomy
Graduate
11/11/2011

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Term
where does the ductus venosus go from/to?
Definition
from the portal vein to the IVC.
becomes the ligamentum venosus
Term
what does the ligamentum teres hepatis arise from?
Definition
left umbilical vein
Term
what are the 4 muscles of posterior abdomen?
Definition
psoas major/minor, quadratus lumborum, iliacus
Term
psoas major (innervation, action)
Definition
L1-3 innervation
flexes thigh at hip joint
Term
psoas minor
Definition
L1
flexes lumbar vertebral column
Term
quadratus lumborum
Definition
T12-L4
depress and stabilize rib 12, lateral bending of trunk
Term
iliacus
Definition
femoral nerve (L2-L4)
flexes thigh at hip joint
Term
what forms the diaphragm? (4)
Definition
central tendon, skeletal muscle, right/left crus
Term
what are the inferior ligaments of the diaphragm?
Definition
median, medial, lateral arcuate ligaments
Term
where do the vena cava, esophagus, and aorta pass through the diaphragm?
Definition
T8, T10, T12
called hiatuses
Term
what motor and sensory innervates the diaphragm?
Definition
motor - somatic, phrenic nerve (C3,4,5)
sensory - phrenic nerve and intercostal nerves
Term
what provides blood supply to the diaphragm? (4)
Definition
musculophrenic, pericardiacophrenic, and superior/inferior phrenic arteries
Term
what are the three layers of fascia around the kidneys?
Definition
perirenal fat, renal fascia, pararenal fat (outer)
Term
what are the general outer and inner regions of the kidney?
Definition
cortex (outer) and medulla
Term
what is the nutcracker?
what runs in between?
Definition
nutcracker is superior mesenteric artery branching off aorta.
duodenum and left renal vein run in between
Term
what are the 5 regions of the kidney?
Definition
superior, anterosuperior, anteroinferior, and inferior.
posterior
Term
what is polycystic kidney disease?
how do you get it?
Definition
PKD is partial replacement of renal parenchyma by cysts
Auto dominant inherited
Term
what is hydronephrosis?
Definition
progressive dilation of renal pelvis/calyces due to urinary tract obstruction (due to stones or BPH)
Term
what is pelvic and horseshoe kidney?
Definition
pelvic kidneys - failed to ascend - blocked by vasculature like IMA
horseshoe - fused kidneys

Urinary tract infection, kidney stones, or hydronephrosis are common complications of pelvic kidneys.
Term
where can the ureters face constriction?
Definition
ureteropelvic junction, pelvic inlet, and entrance to the bladder
Term
what paired structures come off the abdominal aorta? what does the abdominal aorta split into?
Definition
renal and gonadal arteries.
splits into common iliac arteries.
Term
what are the arteries (3) and vein of the suprarenal gland?
Definition
superior suprarenal, middle suprarenal, inferior suprarenal arteries.
left/right suprarenal veins.
Term
the IVC does or does not receive blood from the abdominal GI, spleen, pancreas, or gallbladder?
Definition
does NOT
Term
what would be affected by kidney/renal vein issues: left, right or both gonadal veins?
Definition
left gonadal issues only
Term
what nerves form the lumbar plexus, in order superior to inferior?
Definition
subcostal , iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal, lateral cutaneous (of thigh), and genitofemoral nerves
Term
what does the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve innervate?
Definition
innervates cremaster muscles and provides sensory info back from this area
Term
what vertebrae give rise to the lumbar plexus?
Definition
T12/L1-L5
Term
what is the significance of the 2nd intercostal space?
Definition
auscultation point for semilunar valves
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