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Circulation and Respiration
30
Biology
10th Grade
05/26/2009

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Term
Circulatory System
Definition
basically puts all cells in contact with the environment
Term
Cardiovascular System
Definition
the system of organs and tissues, including the heart, blood, blood vessels, lymph, lymphatic vessels, and lymph glands, involved in circulating blood and lymph through the body.
Term
Arteries
Definition
vessel that carries blood away from the heart to other parts of the body
Term
Veins
Definition
vessel that returns blood to the heart
Term
Capillaries
Definition
microscopic blood vessel that carries blood between an artery and a vein, allowing the exchange of substances between the blood and interstitial fluid
Term
Right Atrium
Definition
the right upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the venae cavae and coronary sinus
Term
Right Ventricle
Definition
The chamber on the right side of the heart that receives venous blood from the right atrium and forces it into the pulmonary artery
Term
Pulmonary Artery
Definition
an artery conveying venous blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs
Term
Left Atrium
Definition
the left upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the pulmonary veins
Term
Left Ventricle
Definition
The chamber on the left side of the heart that receives the arterial blood from the left atrium and contracts to force it into the aorta
Term
Aorta
Definition
artery that carries blood directly from the heart to the rest of the body
Term
Superior Vena Cava
Definition
one of two large veins discharging blood into the right atrium of the heart, conveying blood from the head, chest, and upper extremities
Term
Inferior Vena Cava
Definition
one of two large veins discharging blood into the right atrium of the heart, conveying blood from all parts below the diaphragm
Term
Red Blood Cells
Definition
blood cell containing hemoglobin, which transports oxygen; also called an erythrocyte
Term
Hemoglobin
Definition
iron-containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen for delivery cells
Term
Leukocytes
Definition
(White Blood Cell)any of various nearly colorless cells of the immune system that circulate mainly in the blood and lymph and participate in reactions to invading microorganisms or foreign particles, comprising the B cells, T cells, macrophages, monocytes, and granulocytes
Term
Plasma
Definition
liquid portion of blood made up of water, dissolved salts, proteins, and other substances
Term
Lymphatic System
Definition
the system by which lymph is returned from the cells to the blood and by which white blood cells are produced in response to inflammation or presence of antigens; in mammals, the system includes the lymph glands, vessels and sinuses through which lymph is carried, and lymphoid tissues, as bone marrow and the thymus
Term
Pulmonary Circulation
Definition
circuit of blood flow that carries blood between the heart and lungs
Term
Systemic Circulation
Definition
circuit of blood flow that carries blood between the heart and the rest of the body
Term
Systolic Pressure
Definition
first number of blood pressure reading; measures the pressure on artery walls when heart ventricles contract
Term
Diastolic Pressure
Definition
second number of blood pressure reading; measurement of the pressure on artery walls when the heart is relaxed
Term
Pharynx
Definition
the junction in the throat of the alimentary canal and the trachea
Term
Epiglottis
Definition
flap of tissue that covers the trachea during swallowing, preventing food from entering the lungs
Term
Larynx
Definition
voice box; contains the vocal cords
Term
Trachea
Definition
in some arthropods, chitin-lined air tube that forms part of the respiratory system; in humans, tube between the larynx and bronchi through which air travels to the lungs; also called the windpipe
Term
Bronchus
Definition
one of two tubes connecting the trachea to each lung
Term
Lung
Definition
organ consisting of sponge-like tissue that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood
Term
Bronchiole
Definition
thin tube that branches from a bronchus within a lung
Term
Alveolus
Definition
on of millions of tiny sacs within the lungs where gas exchance occurs
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