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A.Shaker Special Senses
Semester 3
54
Nursing
Professional
08/03/2015

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Cards

Term
What are the special senses
Definition
Vision
Hearing
Equilibrium
Taste
Smell
Term
What is cutaneous
Definition
Located at the body surface, provide information about the external environment: touch, pressure, temperature, pain
Term
What are internal organ receptors
Definition
Located in blood vessels and internal organs provide information about the internal environment: chemo receptors, baro receptors
Term
General sense: Proprioceptors
Definition
Internal receptors that are located in muscles, tendons and joints that provide information about body location, position and movement
Term
General senses: Pain receptors
Definition
Nocicepteors
Term
What are components of the eye
Definition
Receptors for visual stimuli
Refractive apparatus
Lacrimal apparatus
Accessory muscles
Nerve supply
Term
Eyelids and eyelashes provide
Definition
Protection
Term
The eye: COnjunctiva
Definition
Mucous membrane that cover the sclera and line the eyelids. It is highly vascular
Term
The eye: Lacrimal apparatus
Definition
Makes tears (Lysozyme)
The lacrimal gland is located in the superior lateral portion of the orbit

Nasolacrimal duct
Term
What enzyme is produced by tears
Definition
Lysozyme
Term
The eye: Outer tunic - Sclera
Definition
Tough connective tissue
White due to collagen
Term
The sclera is white due to
Definition
Collagen
Term
The cornea is
Definition
Transparent
Avascular
Bulges forward slightly
Part of the refractive apparatus
Term
The eye: Middle tunic - Choroid
Definition
Connective tissue and bloo vessels

Contains dark brown pigment

Prevents scattering and reflecting of light off of the inner surfaces of the eye
Term
The eye: Cilliary body (Muscle)
Definition
Shape is a flattened ring and the function is it holds the lens in place by suspensory ligaments

Controls the shape of the lens (accommodation)
Term
The shape of the cilliary body is
Definition
Flattened ring
Term
The cilliary body holds the lens in place by
Definition
Suspensory ligaments
Term
The ciliary body controls the shape
Definition
Of the lens (accommodation)
Term
The eye: Middle tunic - Lens
Definition
Clear circular elastic structure

Biconvex

Adjustable part of the refraction system
Term
The lens is the only
Definition
Adjustable part of the refraction system
Term
The eye: Iris
Definition
Colored part

Made up of sets of muscle fibers
Term
The eye: Pupil
Definition
Controls the amount of light entering the eye by controlling the diameter of the pupil
Term
The eye: Inter tunic
Definition
Retina

Posterior 2/3 of the eye

Photoreceptors

Two types rods and cones
Term
The eye: Rods
Definition
Detect the presence of light

black and white vision

Work in dim light

The images generated are not especially sharp

Located in the peripheral part of the retina
Term
The eye: Cones
Definition
Detect colors

Sharp vision

Concentrated in the center of the retina
Term
The eye: Macula lutea
Definition
High density
Sharp vision
Term
The eye: Fovea centralis
Definition
Highest density
Sharpest vision
Term
Chambers of the eye
Definition
Posterior chamber
Viterous body


Anterior chamber
Aqueous body/humor
Term
The eye pathway for light include
Definition
Cornea
Aqueous humor
Pupil
Lens

Vireous body
Retina
Optic disc
Optic nerve
Term
The eye: Refraction
Definition
Bending of light rays to produce a focused image based on the retina
Term
Accommodation is the ability of the lens to
Definition
Adjust its thickness for both near and far objects
Term
Extrinsic muslces of the eyes are muscles that
Definition
Control eye movement including

6 muscles
4 rectus muscles
2 oblique muscles
Term
The function to move the yes in a coordinated fashion so that both eyes focus on visual field is called
Definition
Convergence
Term
Intrinsic muscles of the eye
Definition
Iris

Ciliary muscle
Term
Myopia is
Definition
Near sightedness
Term
Hyperopia is
Definition
Far sightedness
Term
Presbyopia is
Definition
Old eye
Term
Astigmatism is
Definition
Irregular curvature
Term
Strabismus is
Definition
Crossed eyes
Term
Ambiyopia is
Definition
Lazy eye
Term
Cataract is
Definition
Clouding of the normally clear lens of the eye
Term
Glaucoma is
Definition
Damage to the optic nerve leads to progressive, irreversible vision loss
Term
The external ear consists of
Definition
Pinna/auricle
External auditory meatus
Tympanic membrane
Term
The middle ear has what tube
Definition
Eustacian tube
Opens into the pharynx
Equalizes pressure
Term
The ear: Ossicles
Definition
Malleus: Hammer (tympanic membrane)

Incus: Anvil

Stapes: Stirrup (oval window)
Term
The internal ear structure is
Definition
Boney labyrinth filled with perilymph contains membranous labyrinth filled with endolymph
Term
The ear: Choclea
Definition
Coiled structure shaped like a snail

Contains the receptors for hearing (hair cells) which are found in the organ of corti
Term
The choclea is a coiled structure that have the receptors for hearing (hair cells) which are found in the
Definition
Organ of corti
Term
The ear: Vestibule
Definition
Concerned with balance
Term
The ear: Semicircular canals
Definition
There are three and they are concerned with balance
Term
Otitis media is an
Definition
Middle ear infection
Term
Taste: Gustation - Receptors
Definition
Sweet
Salty
Sour
Bitter
Location Cr nerve #VII and IX
Term
Smell: Olfaction - Receptors
Definition
Location: Superior portion of the nasal mucosa

Cranial nerve #1
Term
Visceral senses
Definition
Hunger and thirst
Hunger and satiety centers in the hypothalamus
Thirst center (osmolarity)
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