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A&P chapter 2
all vocab and important notes
20
Biology
Undergraduate 1
09/04/2013

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Term
three principal parts of a cell
Definition

-Plasma(cell)membrane

-cytoplasm

a. cytosol

b. organelles

- the nucleus

Term
the Plasma membrane
Definition

flexible, sturdy barrier that surrounds and contains the cytoplasm of the cell

-has lipids in constant motion

-has protiens in motion with the lipids

Term
Fluid mosaic model
Definition
describes the structure of the plama membrane : constantly in motion fluid
Term
Lipid Bilayer
Definition
basic framework of the plama membrane
Term
Three types of lipid molecules
Definition

-phospholipids (75% of bilayer)

-Cholesteral (20%)

-Glycolipids-sugar lipids(5%)

Term
lipids in general
Definition

they are amphipathic (duel characteristics)

-hydrophilic (water loving)

-hydorphobic (water fearing)

part of the plasma membrane

Term

integral

Definition

extene through the lipid bilayer (are hydrophobic and hydrophilic)

Term
protiens of the plasma membrane
Definition

integral: extene through the lipid bilayer (are hydrophobic and hydrophilic)

Peripheral: associate with either inner or outer (waterloving, on surface not inside)

Term
Peripheral
Definition
associate with either inner or outer (waterloving, on surface not inside
Term
What are three passive transport processes
Definition

-diffusion

-nonmediated passive
-mediated passive 

Term
diffusion
Definition
the movement of molecules from an area of high concentrations to an area of low concentration
Term
nonmediated passive
Definition

-diffusion through the lipid bilayer

-diffusion through a channel

Term
mediated passsive
Definition
Facilitated diffision/ facilitated transport (both)
Term
the transport process is classified according to two criteria, what is it?
Definition

-mediation

-use of energy

Term
Mediated transport
Definition
involves assistance of a tranporter protein
Term
nonmediated transport
Definition
does not require a transporter protein
Term
passive transport
Definition
uses chemicals own kinetic energy to move down a concentration gradient (doesnt make new energy)
Term
active transport
Definition
needs additional energy (from ATP) to move up a concentration gradient (makes new)
Term
what are things that can get through the plasma membrane without help? Why?
Definition

-oxygen

-carbon dioxide

-steriods

-water

 

Why?

all non polar, uncharged, small

water-lipids flip and move water leaks though gaps in the hydrophobic membrane

 

Term
concentration gradient
Definition
difference from one side to another (think of color gradient)
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