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A&P
Respiratory System
48
Biology
Undergraduate 2
10/16/2012

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Cards

Term
What is considered the upper airway?
Definition
nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharnynx, larynx, trachea.
Term
what is considered the lower airway?
Definition
bronchi and their branches
lungs and alveoli
Term
what are some of the function of the nose.
Definition
moisten, warm and filter the air
Term
what warms the air in nose>
Definition
plexus of cappillaries and veins under the epithelium
Term
what way do Cilis move debris?
Definition
toward your throat so it can be swallowed
Term
what divides the nasal airway
Definition
septum
Term
what protrudes from the later walls in the nasal cavity?
Definition
turbinates (conchea)
Term
what allows sinuses to drain?
Definition
ostia
Term
what are the three segments of Pharynx?
Definition
nasopharynx. oropharnyx,laryngopharynx
Term
whatc keeps food out of the nose while swallowing?
Definition
the soft palate and the uvula?
Term
what helps keeps pressure normal in the middle ear?
Definition
eustachian tube
Term
what does the Larynx do
Definition
used for sound production
Term
what is the considered the Adams Apple
Definition
Throid Cartilagewith laryngeal prominence
Term
where are the vocal cords located?
Definition
Larynx
Term
what is the opening called between the vocal cords?
Definition
Glottis
Term
What is opened in the Larynx while speaking?
Definition
Glottis
Term
does whispering ivolve the vocal cords
Definition
No
Term
how many layers are there in the trachea? and what are they.
Definition
3.
1.Muscosa thin layer of epithelium where mucus is produced
2.Submucosa- connective tissie with seromucous glands (provide moisture)
3. Adventita- outermost layer made of connective tisse that encases C shaped carilageous tracheal rings.
Term
how many layers are there in the trachea? and what are they.
Definition
3.
1.Muscosa thin layer of epithelium where mucus is produced
2.Submucosa- connective tissie with seromucous glands (provide moisture)
3. Adventita- outermost layer made of connective tisse that encases C shaped carilageous tracheal rings.
Term
what way are the cilica moving in the trachea?
Definition
up
Term
what bronchi is wider right or left?
Definition
right it is shorter and wider, move vertical that the left. So food is more likely to enter right lung if you aspirate.
Term
what is it called when the trachea branches off to the lungs?
Definition
Carina
Term
what lung is smaller?
Definition
left only has two.
right has three
Term
what is the site where blood vessels, bronchi, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter each lung?
Definition
Hilum
Term
How many orders of branches does air undergo in the airway passages?
Definition
23
Term
what are the steps of the bronchi?
Definition
smaller bronchi which branch then into smaller bronchioles
Term
can bronchi change size?
Definition
yes the smooth muscle can contract. like kids with azhma (wheezing lower airway)
Term
what are terminal bronchoioles.
Definition
where they get smaller and smaller then leads to alveoli
Term
what are alveoli?
Definition
they are small sacs that are surrounded by elastic fibers. they allow air pressure throughout the lungs to be equal
Term
what keeps alveoli sterile?
Definition
Alveolar mactophages.
Term
what surrounds aveloli by a network?
Definition
network of capillaries
Term
what are the Respiratory Membrane?
Definition
very thin membrane made of alvelor and capillary walls and their external fused basement membranes.
Term
what are the two types of cells that make up alvolar walls?
Definition
single layer squamous (flat) epithelium (type 1 cells)
scattered cuboidal type 2 cells taht secerete surfactant (like surface tension it trys to stay together)
Term
Is Pulmonary Circulation Low Pressure High Volume of High Pressure Low Volume?
Definition
Low Pressure, High Volume
Term
What do Pulmonary Arteries carry?
Definition
deoxignated blood which is carried to the capillaries where CO2 is shed
Term
What do Pulmonary Veins carry?
Definition
oxygenated blood to the heart?
Term
what gives the lungs oxygenated blood?
Definition
Bronchial Arteries
Term
What is the Pleura?
Definition
A thin doubles layered membrane
Term
What is the outer layer that lines the thoracic wall to the top of the diaphram?
Definition
Parietal Pleura
Term
What is the thin layer that covers the external lung surface?
Definition
Visceral Pluera
Term
what helps keeps the lungs expanded?
Definition
surface attention
Term
what is the pressure at the alveoli at rest?
Definition
same as atmospheric pressure
Term
what way do the intercoastal muscle move when inhaling.
Definition
ribs go up and out and diaphram goes down.
Term
does air actually get pushes or pulled in the lungs.
Definition
pushed in
Term
is expiration passive or active?
Definition
passive inspiration is active
Term
what keeps the alvelor from collapsing?surfactan
Definition
Term
What is Atelectasis?
Definition
Collapse lung can occur. but it is a plugged bronchioles, which will lead to collapsed alveoli
Term
What is a pnuemothorax?
Definition
wound to the lung which collapses it
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