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A & P II test 3 kidneys gen. anat.
General anatomy of urinary system and kidneys
21
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
04/17/2010

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Cards

Term
What does the General anatomy of the Urinary system look like?
Definition
Term
What are the general functions of the kidneys?
Definition

-elimination of nitrogenous wastes, toxins, and drugs

-maintenance of ionic balances, acid/base balances, and water balance

-conservation of important substances

-secete renin

-secrete erythropoietin

Term
What does the kidney do maintenance on?
Definition

ionic balances (K+. Cl-, Na+)

acid/base balances/ pH (HCO3-/H+)

water balance

Term
What important substances does the kidney conserve?
Definition
glucose, amino acids, vitamins, etc.
Term
What is secretion of renin? What does it do?
Definition
regulates blood pressure
Term
What does secretion of erythropoietin do?
Definition
red blood cell production
Term
Where is are the kidneys positioned?
Definition
retroperitoneal
Term
What is the macroscopic anatomy of the kidney?
Definition
three layers
Term
What are the three layers which surround each kidney?
Definition

renal capsule - adipose capsule - renal fascia

innermost                               outermost

Term

What is the renal capsule?

 

Definition

-innermost fibrous layer

- adheres directly to the kidney's surface

-protection

Term
What is the adipose capsule?
Definition

PILLOW

- the fatty mass

-holds kidneys in place

-cushions against mechanical trauma

 

Term
What is the renal fascia?
Definition

- outermost layer

- made of dense fibrous CT

 

Term
What does the renal fascia surround besides the kidney?
Definition
the superior adrenal glands
Term

What does the internal anatomy of the kidney look like? 

(picture)

Definition
[image] a. renal cortex, b. renal medulla, c. renal medullary pyramids, d. major/minor calyces, e. renal pelvis, f. ureter
Term
What 6 things make up the internal anatomy of the kidney?
Definition
renal cortex, renal medulla, renal/medullary pyramids, major/minor calyces, renal pelvis, ureter
Term
What is the renal cortex?
Definition
superficial region, light colored GRANULAR appearance
Term
What is the renal medulla?
Definition

- deep to the cortex

-reddish-brown smooth appearance

Term
What are the renal/medullary pyramids?
Definition
cone-shaped masses that drain urine from the nephrons
Term
What are the major/minor calyces?
Definition
collects URINE from the PYRAMIDS and EMPTIES it into the RENAL PELVIS
Term
What does the renal pelvis do?
Definition
drains URINE into the URETER
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