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8th Grade Physical Science Chapter 4
States of Matter
66
Science
8th Grade
10/20/2011

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Term
Four States of Matter
Definition
Solds, Liquids, Gases, and Plasmas
Term
States Of Matter
Definition
The physcial forms of matter, which includes solid, liquid, and gases.
Term
What are the 3 states of matter and give 2 examples
Definition

Solid - marble, pen

Liquids, orange juice, water

Gas- Hellium, Oxygen

Term
What is matter made up of
Definition
atoms and molecules
Term
Atoms and molecules are Always
Definition
in motion
Term
Waht determines the state of matter?
Definition
motion of particles
Term
Define Solid
Definition
The state of matter that has a definite volume but has definite shape
Term
Explain a solid in terms of molecular motion
Definition

- close togethr

-strong attraction between them

- do not move fast

Term
Define Liquid
Definition
the state of matter that has a definite volume, but not a definite shape
Term
Explain a liquid in terms of molecular motion
Definition

- moves fast

-particles collide

-particles close together

Term
Define Gas
Definition
A form of matter that does not have a definite volume of shape
Term
What is the difference between the gas in the helium tank, and in the balloons?
Definition
Term
Explain which of the 3 states can be compressed, and why or why not
Definition
Term
Define Plasma
Definition

state of matter thats starts as a gas and then becomes ionized--free moving ions and electrons,

-takes on electic charge

-different from solid, gas, and liquid

Term
Which is the most common matter in the universe? and What %?
Definition
Plasma/99%
Term
Give some examples of Plasma (VaryP
Definition
sun, stars  lighting bolt, fire, electricity, Floresent lights
Term
What are some properties of plasmas?
Definition

 

no define shape

conduct electric current

Affected by electrical or magnetic currents

Term
Change of state
Definition

change of physical state

occurs when matter change form one physical state to another

Term
Define Change of State
Definition
is the change of a substance from one physcial form to another
Term
Are changes of state chemical changes? 
Definition
No , physcial change
Term
Particles motion depends on...
Definition
state of stubstance
Term
Which has more energy, gas or liquid?
Definition
GAs
Term
What must happen to change the state of a substance?
Definition
must add or remove energy
Term
The change from solid to liquied is?
Definition
Melting
Term
What happens when you add energy to a solid?
Definition
melting
Term
The temperature a substance melts at is called its...
Definition
melting point
Term
Is melting point a physical property?
Definition
yes
Term
Is melting point a physcal propery?
Definition
Yes
Term
Can we wuse M.P. to identify substances?
Definition
Yes?
Term
What does melting point reflect about a substance?
Definition
The point in its temperature at which the particle of a solid overcome their attraction to each other and begin to slide past one another.
Term
The change from Liquic to soldi is?
Definition
Freezing
Term
Does everyting freeze at 0C ?  (32F)
Definition
No
Term
For a liquid to freeze?
Definition
the attractions between a liquid's particle must overcome the motion of the particle
Term
The paricles in a solid are...
Definition
closely locked in position
Term
Freezing is the reverse of
Definition
melting
Term
Are freezing point and melting point the same for a particular substance?
Definition
Yes
Term
To Freeze a substance you must...
Definition
Term
Define evaportation
Definition
is the change of state from a liquid to a gas
Term
Where does evaportation happen?
Definition
at the surface of a liquid
Term
Explain how your seat evaportates.
Definition

The sweat absorbs energy from your skin, and is able to break the attraction, and be set free.

Term

When the sweat evaporates you feel...

and Why

Definition

Cooler

because The energy is transferred to the sweat, leaving you with less energy (heat)

Term
What is the difference between evaprotation and boiling?
Definition

Evaporation can happen below the boiling point and only at the surface. Boiling causes vaporization throughout the liquid and happens at the boiling point.

Term
Define Boiling?
Definition
is the change of a liquid to a vapor or gas throughout the liquid
Term
What is the Boilding Point?
Definition
The temperature at which a liquid changes to a vapor or gas
Term
What is the boiling point of water? C
Definition
100C
Term
What happens to the particles of a liqid as the liquid boils?
Definition
moleculare motion increases until large groups of water molecules overcome the attractive forces between them.
Term
What affects the boiling point?
Definition
Atmospheric pressure
Term
What is atmospheric pressure?
Definition
is cause by the weight of the gases that make up the atmosphere
Term
As elevation goes up about sea level...
Definition
air pressure goes down
Term
At the top of a mountain, the boiling point is...
Definition
lower than 100C
Term
Define Condensation
Definition
the change of state from a gas to a liquid
Term
Condensation is the reverse of
Definition
evaporation
Term
The condensation point is also the
Definition
boilding point
Term
Describe condensation
Definition
Particles lose energy and clump together when the attraction overcomes their motion
Term
Define sublimation
Definition
is the chage of state in which a solid changes directly to a gas
Term
Example of Sublimation
Definition
Carbon Dioxide – CO2- Dry ice
Term
When a substance loses or gains energy?
Definition

it's temperature changes

-state changes

the speed of the particles also change

Term
Once water gets to the boiling point, what happens to its temperature?
Definition
Term
Images of state of matter
Definition
[image]
Term

Math Practice

300 g / 300 mL = 1g/mL

 

Definition
0.79 g/mL x 85 mL = 67.15 g
Term
What is the difference between the gas in the helium thank, and in the balloons?
Definition
The helium in the tank has a great density because more molecules are packed into a smaller area, in the balloon the molecules are farther apart.
Term
Explain a gas in terms of molecular motion
Definition

move freely

collide randomly

little attraction to each other

Empty space can vary, more empty space, larger volume

Term
Explain which of the 3 states can be compressed, and why or why not
Definition

gas can be compressed because it has more open space.

- liquids can be compress but not as much due to a lack of space

-solids can't be compressed because the molecules are already compressed

Term
Which has more energy, gas or liquid?
Definition
Gas
Term
Which has more energy, liquid or solid?
Definition
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