Shared Flashcard Set

Details

859-III
Nutrition in Pregnancy and Lactation
25
Medical
Graduate
03/01/2012

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
The majority of maternal wt. gain in pregnancy is distributed in the ______, ______, & ________.
Definition

Fetus, placenta, and amniotic fluid

 

The remainder is r/t uterus, increased blood volume, breast tissue, and maternal stores.

Term
What is considered adequate wt. gain in pregnancy?
Definition

Low BMI = 28-40 lb

Normal BMI = 25-35 lb

High BMI = 15-25 lb

Obese = less than 15 lb

Term
What is ideal wt. gain per trimester?
Definition

1st = 3.5-5 lb total

 

2nd + 3rd = 1 lb per week on average

 

"10 lbs. by 20 weeks" is a good rule of thumb

Term
What nutrients always need supplementaion regardless of nutritional status?
Definition
Folic acid and iron
Term
How much should a woman increase her caloric intake while pregnant?
Definition
300 cal./day in the 2nd and 3rd trimester
Term
Name several reasons why adequate protein is essential.
Definition

1. Fetal development

2. Blood volume expansion

3. Growth of maternal tissue

4. Overall energy metabolism

Term

True or False:

The mother's body will provide calcium and phosphorous o the fetus regardless of her intake. 

Definition

TRUE

This will happen at the expense of her bones

 

RDA = 1000 mg/day (4 cups of milk provides this)

Term

True or False:

The infant is dependent on maternal iron intake for iron storage for the 1st year of life.

Definition

FALSE

For the 1st 5 months of life

Term
Which moms are especially at risk for iron deficiency anemia?
Definition
Adolescents
Term
Anemia in pregnancy increases the risk for _______ and ________.
Definition
LBW and preterm birth
Term

Vitamin A:

What is it needed for and what are the risks of deficiency?

Definition

1. Needed for growth of epitelial cells, CHO metabolism, gliucose synthesis, neuro devlopment, vision

2. Dificiency increases risk for preterm birth, IUGR, LBW

Term
What deficiency cam lead to neonatal hypocalcemia and tetany?
Definition
Vit. D
Term
What vitamin is made in our intestines by E. coli?
Definition
Vit. K
Term
Vitamin C aids in the development of _______ and __________ in both mom and fetus.
Definition
Connective tissue and vascular system
Term

True or False:

High doses of Vit.C can lead to rebound neonatal scurvy after birth

Definition
TRUE
Term
Deficiency of _______ can lead to neural tube defects
Definition

Folic acid

 

Adequate intake can decrease the risk for NTD by 50-70%

Term
What types of nutritional concerns are r/t adolescent mothers?
Definition

Low prepregnant weight

Poor wt. gain with pregnancy

Smoking, drugs, alcohol use

Anemia

Eating disorders

Body image

Physical and psychological maturity

Poor eating habits

Term
Women should continue iron supplements for ____ to ______ months postpartum.
Definition

2 to 3

 

*Helps restore depleted stores 

Term
What are the caloric needs of a mom who is breastfeeding?
Definition
Add an additional 200 cal to the 300 cal they added while pregnant = 500 additional calories vs. their prepregnant intake
Term
Newborn nutritional requirements
Definition

105-108 kcal/kg/day

 

140-160 mL/kg/day

Term

True or False:

Formula and breast milk both contain about 20 kcal/oz

Definition
TRUE
Term
What were the Healthy People 2010 goals for breastfeeding?
Definition

75% initiation

50% continue for 6 months

25% continue for 1 yr.

Term
What are the three stages of human milk?
Definition

1. Colostrum - 2 to 4 days

2. Transitional milk - lasts about 2 weeks

3. Mature milk - foremilk and hindmilk  

Term
What are some advantages of breastfeeding?
Definition

1. Immunity against: resp. infx, GI infx, otitis media, meningitis, sepsis, poliomyelitis

2. Nutritionally complete - adjusts to gestational age, best for neuro devlopment

Term
Signs of adequate breastfeeding
Definition

1. 6-8 wet diapers per day after about 5 days

2. Weight gain - should be back up to birth wt. by 2 weeks old

3. Signs of satiety (sleepy, content)

4. Audible suck sound is heard

5. Breast softens after feeding

6. Infant nurses about 8 X per day

7. Stool lightens to a yellow color with a seedy appearance

Supporting users have an ad free experience!