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8/19 Quaternary Structure
Jourd'Heuil Theme1
23
Biology
Graduate
08/28/2011

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Term
Perks of Quat structure
Definition
1) Strucutre with collagen
2) Unique binding sites with IgG
3) Complex structures with little DNA as in viral capsids
4) Molecular machines; ATPsynthase and kinesin
Term
Collagens, Fibroin, and keratins are...
Definition
fibrous proteins
- Collagen can make up as much as 3rd of mass of large animal and tensil strength of steel
Term
Collagen structure
Definition
- 3 chain triple helix/coiled coil, very tightly packed with small gly at center
Stabilized through hydrophic interactions and hydroxy OH bonds
- Not alpha-helical, GLY-X-Y motif (x-proline, y either prol or hydroxy prol)
- Lysine sometimes subed in for X or Y, allows cross linking
Term
Heat treatment
Definition
- Disrupts non-covalent interactions and crosslinks to form gelatin
Term
_____ catalyzes proline to hydroxyproline
Definition
- prolyl hydroxylase
- requires vit c, deficiency leads to scurvy (lesions in skim, gum and vessels)
Term
Genetic Economy and Quat struct
Definition
1) Protein can serve as subunit for a large structure
2) Has perks; conserves genetic info, assembly is easily controlled by low energy bonds, synthesis errors are more easily avoided
- ex; Tomato Busy stunt structure made with 180 monomers each made of 386 AA, icosohedral structure made of 3 different "enviroments" patterned, only 4.5k nucleotides
Term
Unique binding/active sites using quat struc
Definition
- IgG major serum antibody
- 4 peptide chains; 2 light and 2 heavy
- Each peptide consists of igg domains 2 light and 4 dark
- Domain made of antipar sheets that are stabilized by single disulf bond
- Chains linked thru cov disulf bond between cysteins
- Contain Variable region that make bsite for spec antigen
- IgG domain struct found in many other structsures
Term
IgG has ___ peptide chains; _______
Definition
4 peptide chains; 2 light and 2 heavy
Term
Light chain has __ domains and dark chain has ___ domains
Definition
- 2 for light and 4 for dark
Term
Each domain of the IgG is made of... and stabilized by ______
Definition
- Domain made of antipar sheets that are stabilized by single disulf bond
Term
Chains are linked by ....
Definition
- Chains linked thru covalent disulf bond between cysteins
Term
Variable region
Definition
- region found in both chains (H/L) that binds to specific antigen
- igg has two such sites
- Allows for greater complementarity
Term
Constant region
Definition
- Conserved region between different IgG's
Term
ETC creates a ____ ________ used by ___ _____ to create _____
Definition
proton gradient, atp synthase, ATP
Term
Structure of ATP Synthase
Definition
- Rotary
- Complex heavy protein
- F0 subunit is H+ chanel, moves
- F1 in static, contains catalytic unit where ATP in synth (and orthophosphate)
Term
F0 structure
Definition
- Transmembrane H+ carrier, consists of 10-15 c subunits, rotate
Term
f1 atpase
Definition
- heterohexameric globular a/b structure
- contacts the f0 via gamma stalk/subunit (coiled coil anchor/shaft)
- a/b subunit anchor alpha/beta glob structure
- synthesis occurs on the beta subunit
Term
c subunit
Definition
- made of two a-helices with asp acid at the center
Term
a sub-unit
Definition
- two half channels that allow protons to enter and pass partway but not completely
Term
Function of ATPsynthase
Definition
1) Movement of 10 protons is required for 1 ATP
Term
ATP synthesis at F1
Definition
- proton flow causes gamma sub to rotate
- Each 120* rot causes a change in the conformation of the B subunit into 3 diff forms
- L binds ADP and Pi
- T converts ADP to ATP
- O releases ATP
- 120* corresponds to 1 ATP being synthed
Term
Kinesin structure
Definition
- Homodimer of 2 nucleotide binding motor domains that are connected through a coiled coil
- N site binds mtube, c transport

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Term
Kinesin Function
Definition
- Lagging head is tightly bound to mtubule via atp in binding site while leading head is loosely bound to mtub with adp in binding site
- ADP is exchanged for ATP causing in the lagging strand which changes linker confirmation,
- ATP is added to the leading head which throws lagging head forward due to change linker conformation
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