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7th grade science final
pretty much everything
75
Science
7th Grade
01/08/2014

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Term
smelling an unknown chemical
Definition
waft it
Term
what microscope do we use
Definition
compound light microscope
Term
procedure for looking at slides
Definition
slide - object on slide - cover over object
Term
scientific method
Definition
problem-solving technique used to investigate observations that can be made about living and nonliving things
Term
hypothesis
Definition
a prediction that can be tested
Term
homeostasis
Definition
regulation of an organism's internal, life-maintaining conditions despite changes in its environment
Term
scientific names
Definition
binomial nomenclature
Term
spontaneous generation
Definition
theory that living things can come from nonliving things
Term
cell theory
Definition
states that all organisms are made up of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells come from other cells
Term
cell diagram
Definition
just look at it silly
Term
chloroplasts
Definition
green, chlorophyll-containing, plant-cell organelle that converts sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into sugar
Term
cell wall
Definition
rigid structure that encloses, supports, and protects the cells of plants, algae, fungi, and most bacteria.
Term
ribosomes
Definition
small structure on which cells make their own proteins
Term
golgi body
Definition
organelles that package cellular materials and transport them within the cell or out of the cell
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
cytoplasmic organelle that moces materials around in a cell and is made up of a complex series of folded membranes
Term
nucleus
Definition
organelle that controls alll the activities of a cell and contains hereditary material made of proteins and DNA
Term
mitochondrion
Definition
cell organelle that breaks down lipids and carbohydrates and releases energy
Term
lysosome
Definition
an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.
Term
cell
Definition
smallest unit of a living thing that can perform the functions of life
Term
differences between animal and plant cells
Definition
plant- cell walls, large vacuole to store water
animal-not the stuff above
Term
organic
Definition
contain hydrogen and carbon
Term
inorganic
Definition
not containing carbon
Term
photosynthesis
Definition
food-making process by which plants and many other producers use light energy to produce glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water.
Term
respiration
Definition
series of chemical reactions used to release energy stored in food molecules
Term
mixture
Definition
a combination of substances in which the individual substances do not change or combine chemically but instead retain their own individual properties
Term
equilibrium
Definition
occurs when molecules of one substance are spread evenly throughout another substance
Term
passive transport
Definition
movement of substances through a cell membrane without the use of cellular energy
Term
diffusion
Definition
a type of passive transport in cells in which molecules move from areas where there aremore of them to areas where there are fewer of them
Term
osmosis
Definition
a type of passive transport that occurs when water diffuses through a cell membrane
Term
active transport
Definition
energy-requiring process in which transport proteins bind with particles and move them through a cell membrane
Term
genetics
Definition
the study of how traits are inherited through the actions of alleles
Term
genotype
Definition
an organism's genetic makeup
Term
genetic engineering
Definition
biological and chemical methods to change the arrangement of a gene's DNA to improve crop production, produce large volumes of medicine, and change how cells perform their normal functions
Term
punnett square
Definition
a tool to predict the probability of certain traits in offspring that shows the different ways alleles can combine
Term
heredity
Definition
the passing of traits from parent to offspring
Term
sex-linked gene
Definition
an allele inherited on a sex chromosome
Term
heterozygous
Definition
describes an organism with two different alleles for a trait
Term
homozygous
Definition
describes an organism with two alleles that are the same for a trait
Term
protists
Definition
one or many-celled eukaryotic organism that can be plantlike, animallike, or funguslike
Term
fungi
Definition
any of a group of unicellular, multicellular, or syncytial spore-producing organisms feeding on organic matter
Term
movement of protists
Definition
cilia, pseudopods,& flagellum
Term
examples of fungi
Definition
molds, yeast, mushrooms, and toadstools
Term
reproduction of fungi
Definition
Asexual- cell division, producing genetically identical spores
Sexual- two different hyphae grow close together
Term
what do fungi break down
Definition
dead and decay organisms
Term
frond
Definition
leaf of a fern that grows from the rhizome
Term
stamen
Definition
male reproductive organ inside the flower of an angiosperm
Term
ovules
Definition
in gymnosperms, the female reproductive part that produces eggs and food-storage tissues
Term
sori
Definition
fern structures in which spores are produced
Term
germination
Definition
series of events that results in the growth of a plant from a seed
Term
ovary
Definition
female reproductive organ that produces eggs and is located in the lower part of the body
Term
sexual reproduction
Definition
a type of reproduction in which two sex cells, usually an egg and a sperm, join to form a zygote, which will develop into a new organism with a unique identity
Term
asexual reproduction
Definition
a type of reproduction-fission, budding, and regeneration- in which a new organism is produced from one parent and had DNA identical to the parent organism
Term
alleles
Definition
an alternate form that a gene may have for a single trait
Term
phenotype
Definition
outward physical appearance and behavior of an organism
Term
dominant
Definition
describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait
Term
budding
Definition
form of asexual reproduction in which a new, genetically identical organism forms on the side of its parent
Term
regeneration
Definition
regrowth of lost or destroyed parts or organs
Term
sporophyte stage
Definition
plant life cycle stage that begins when an egg is fertilized by a sperm
Term
gametophyte stage
Definition
plant life cycle stage that begins when cells in reproductive organs undergo meiosis and produce haploid cells
Term
spore
Definition
waterproof reproductive cell of a fungus
Term
stamen
Definition
male reproductive organ inside the flower of an angiosperm
Term
pistil
Definition
female reproductive organ inside the flower on an angiosperm
Term
rhizome
Definition
underground stem of a fern
Term
pollen grain
Definition
small structure produced by the male reproductive organs of a seed plant
Term
cuticle
Definition
waxy, protective layer that covers the stems, leaves, and flowers of many plants and helps prevent water loss
Term
gymnosperm vs angiosperm
Definition
gynosperm- not fruit protected

angiosperm- flowering plants protected by fruit
Term
vascular tissue
Definition
the supportive and conductive tissue in plants, consisting of xylem and phloem
Term
xylem
Definition
vascular tissue that forms hollow vessels that transport substances other than sugar, throughout a plant
Term
phloem
Definition
vascular tissue hat forms tubes that transport dissolved sugar throughout a plant
Term
plant reproduction
Definition
asexual- regeneration
Term
monocot vs dicot
Definition
monocot- 1 cotyledon, parallel leaf veins, petals in multiples of 3,scattered vascular bundles

dicot- 2 cotyledons, netlike leaves, petals by 4's and 5's, vascular bundles in a ring
Term
endosperm
Definition
the nutritive tissue within seeds of flowering plants, surrounding and absorbed by the embryo
Term
role of wind in plant reproduction
Definition
moves pollen to other plants, carries seeds to different locations to grow
Term
why is photosynthesis important
Definition
photosynthesis - plants - herbivores - carnivores - humans
Term
what does photosynthesis remove from the environment
Definition
carbon dioxide
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