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7-2 Evidence of Evolution
CA Life Science - Chapter 7 Changes over Time
16
Science
7th Grade
01/08/2012

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Cards

Term
comparative anatomy
Definition
The comparison of the body structures of different organisms
Term
homologous structures
Definition
Similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor
Term
mold
Definition
A hollow area in sediment in the shape of an organism or part of an organism (a fossil)
Term
cast
Definition
A solid copy of the shape of an organism.  It is the opposite of a mold. (a fossil)
Term
petrified fossil
Definition
Fossils in which minerals replace all or part of an organism.  Over millions of years, the minerals harden into rock.
Term
paleontologist
Definition
Sceintists who study fossils (Ross)
Term
Gradualism
Definition
Evolution occurs slowly but gradually.  Tiny changes add up to major changes over a long time.
Term
punctuated equilibria
Definition
Species evolve quickly during relatively short periods.  Big changes quickly followed by little change for long periods of time
Term
vertibrate
Definition
Interenal skeleton with backbone (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, & mammels)
Term
trace fossil
Definition
provide evidence of the activities of ancient organisms (like a footprint)
Term
Name 4 pieces of evidence supports the theory of evolution?
Definition
  1. Similar body structures
  2. patterns of early development
  3. molecular structure
  4. fossils

These all provide evidence that organisms change over time - also known as ____.

 

Term
How do fossils form?
Definition

An animal dies.  Its body is gradually covered by sediments (like at the bottom of a lake).  Sediments harden into rock over millions of years. 

 

Also organisms can be trapped in tar, amber or ice.

 

These are examples of ____.

Term
What do scientist learn from fossils?
Definition
The ______ record provides evidence about the history of life and past environments on earth.  Fossils can help scientists study the rate of evolution.
Term
What are 3 ways a fossil can be preserved with little change or damage?
Definition

Caught in tar, amber or ice. 

 

These are examples of...

Term
Identify 5 types of fossils
Definition
  1. molds
  2. casts
  3. petrified
  4. trace
  5. preserved remains

These are all examples of...

 

Term
What are sediments?  How are they involved in the formation of fossils?
Definition
______ are particles of soil and rock.  They are deposited on top of a dead organism and can eventually create a mold, cast, or petrified ____.
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