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6B Diabetes
From val's lectures
18
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
03/11/2010

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Cards

Term
Type 2
Definition
> 60. Can be offset or prevented by losing weight and increasing behavior
Term
Type 1
Definition
diagnosed around 20 years of age.
NO ininsulin.
Term
pre-diabetes
Definition
BG is higher than normal but not yet "diabetic"
Term
Tests
Definition
Fasting plasma glucose >126
Oral glucose tolerance >140
random blood glucose >200
Term
Metabolic syndrome
Definition
all the risk factors of cardiovascular, lymphedema, dyslipidemia, glucose regulation not controled. HTN
Term
Type 1 S&S
Definition
Polyuria. Polyphagia (increased hunger) Polydipsia (increased thirst) Glucosuria (sugar in urine)
Weight loss and Fatigue
Term
what is the difference in weight between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
Definition
weight loss = 1 Weight gain = 2
Term
Type 2 risk factors
Definition
Hx of diabetes in parents or siblings. Obesity. Physical inactivity. race/ethnicity. history of gestational diabetes. Hypertension. Stress. metabolic syndrome
Term
Type 2 clinical manifestations
Definition
Onset is slow. Hyperglycemia similar to type 1. May develop diabetic ketoacidosis. Proper diet and exercise can sometimes increase insulin sensitivity. Can suffer from the same complications as type 1
Term
Diagnostic criteria
Definition
Random blood glucose >200
Fasting blood glucose > 126
Term
Fasting blood glucose values
Definition
<40mg/dl could result in brain damage
>470mg/dl may put patient in a coma
Term
A1C
Definition
Non diabetic will be 4-6%
7-9% are considered elevated
Over 9% is high
determines the average blood clucose over a 2-3 month period. drawn 3/4 times per year.
Term
Insulin resistance
Definition
Muscle and Fat resist insulin uptake
Liver produces more glucose
increases hyperglycemia
increases insulin ouput
fatty acids inhibit cellular uptake of insulin.
Changes in the action of insulin receptors and transport mechanisms
Term
Gestational Diabetes
Definition
-5-10% of women with gestational diabetes are found to have type 2 diabetes
-40-60 % of women with gestational diabetes will develop diabetes in the next 5-10 years.
-Diagnosed between 24-28th week of prego
Term
Risk factors for Gestational diabetes
Definition
African or Hispanic.
> 25 yo. Birth defect in previous child.
Obesity. baby > 9lbs. Recurrent infections.
-Unexplained miscarriage or death of a newborn.
Term
Gestational diabetes problem for baby
Definition
Birth trauma. Jaundice. Large size. Low Blood sugar
Term
Action
Definition
Insulin release stimulated by elevated glucose level. noraml = .5-.7 units of insulin/kg/day
Term
Glucagon
Definition
-Maintains blood levels between meals and fasting.
-Promotes a rise in blood glucose
-increases lipolysis
- glucagon secretion inhibited by glucose
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