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5/13/16
Syntax
21
Literature
Undergraduate 3
05/14/2016

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Term
constituents
Definition
a unit syntactic rules apply too
Term
syntax
Definition
set of rules, principles, and processes that govern the structure of sentences in given language
Term
Noam Chomsky
Definition
first person to show syntax is its own branch of linguistics
ex: colorless green ideas sleep furiously-this works syntatically even if it doesn't have any meaning
Term
pronouns
Definition
replace entire noun phrase
Term
Classification of syntactic categories
Definition
arranged in a hierachy (NP, VP, S) Ket has this
Term
rules for combining and interchanging these elements
Definition
transformations, substitutions, elaborating
Term
morphosyntax
Definition
syntax related elements that are part of morphological words: inflections and form class marker-not present in isolating languages
Term
content form classes
Definition
open class-nouns, verbs, adverbs, adjectives
Term
function form class
Definition
closed-pronouns, determiners, prepositions(position pre noun), conjunctions, qualifiers, interjections, postposition(post noun phrase)
Term
noun
Definition
syntactic unit that participates in specific types of phrase structure rules -acts like a noun
Term
syntactic categories
Definition
parts of speech from morphology but with attention to their syntactic properties not lexical meaning
Term
functional categories
Definition
Pron-pronoun
Det-determiner
P-prepositions
Num-numerals
Q-qualifiers
Deg-degree words- very, too-modify adjectives and adverbs
Aux-auxiliary verb
Mod-modal verb-can, should
Term
parsing sentences
Definition
shows immediate linear constituency
Term
diagramming sentence
Definition
shows linear constitency and dependency
Term
hierachic tree diagrams
Definition
show both horizontal and vertical hierachic structure
IP
/ \
VP I
/ \
V NP
] \
flying N
\
planes
Term
noun phrase
Definition
refers to phrase that has a noun as it's head
ex: the young man
NP
Term
Relevant Clause
Definition
clause within clause
-can be single noun or adjective+noun (ADJ+N)
Term
determiner
Definition
introduces the rest of the noun phrase
Term
syntactic subcategories
Definition
any subset of nouns, verbs, determiners that shows difference in syntactic behavior
Term
proper nouns
Definition
Term
anaphoric nouns
Definition
refers to an entity already mentioned in same context
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