activity

moderation

variety

proportionality 

meal planning

movement

medication

monitoring

Body Mass Index Equation

Moderation 

BMI Ranges

moderation 

<18 underweight

18-25 healthy

25-29.9 overweight

30-39.9 obese

>40 extremely obese

At risk waist circumferences

moderation

>35 in women

>40 in men

_ calories = 1 lb

moderation 

cal/lb/day

1. weight loss

2. maintenance

3. weight gain

moderation

1. 10 

2. 15

3. 20 

moderation amount/day

1. fats

2. sodium

3. cholesterol

1. <10%

2. <2300 (1 tsp)

3. <300 mg

variety amount/day

1. grains

2. vegetables

3. fruits

4. milk

5. meat & beans 

1. 6 oz

2. 2.5 cups

3. 2 cups

4. 3 cups

5. 5.5 oz

1. Omega 3 ethyl ethers adjunct to diet for...

2. amount/day

variety

1. reducing triglyceride level

2. 1-4 g/day

1. carbs 45-65%

2. protein 10-35%

3. fat 20-35% 

≤ 5% low

≥ 20% high

1. grams of carbs per snack

2. grams of carbs per day for energy needs

3. grams of carbs per meal

1. ≤ 30 grams

2. ≤ 90 grams

3. ≤ 75 grams

1. starchy vegetables

2. fruits

3. grains

4. dairy

5. sweets 

reduce the risk of chronic disease engage in...

activity

Manage body weight and prevent unhealthy body weight engage in...

activity

to sustain weight loss engage in...

activity

_ mile/day for "sweet spot" of optimum health

activity

cardiovascular activity program

1. emphasis

2. higher _, _ periods

3. days/week

1. intensity

2. higher heart rate, shorter periods

3. 2-3 days per week

weight loss activity

1. increase _

2. not how _ but how _

3. Heart Rate

4. days/week

1. time

2. not how fast but how far

3. 60-65% max

4. most/all days of week

sedentary

activity

physical activity of independent living

30min/day moderate activity

1.5-3 miles/day at 3-4mph

60min/day moderate

3miles/day at 3-4mph

3.5 -7 kcal/min

60-73% max heart rate

>7 kcal/min

74-88% max heart rate

glimeperide (amaryl)

glipizide (glucotrol), XL

glyburide (diabeta, micronase)

glyburide micronized (glynase)

repaglinide (prandin)

nateglinide (starlix)

biguanide 

rosiglitazone (avandia)

pioglitazone (actos)

acarbose (precose)

miglitol (glyset)

sitagliptin (januvia)

saxagliptin (onglyza)

vildagliptin (galvus)

exenatide (byetta)

liraglutide (victoza)

meglitinides

glucosidase inhibitors

amylin analogs

sulfonylureas

meglitinides

insulin

metformin

glucosidase inhibitors

Exenatide

pramlintide

1.5kg

sulfonylureas

meglitinides 

Exenatide & pramlintide w/ other meds

insulin

Thiazolidinedoines

Metformin

glucosidase inhibitors

sitagliptin

sulfonylureas

insulin 

glucosidase inhibitors for PP

metformin

glucosidase inhibitors for FBS

sitagliptin

exenatide

pramlintide

aspart (novolog)

lispro (humalog)

glulisine (apidra)

aspart

lispro

glulisine

regular

28 days

42 days for levemir

hypoglycemia

weight gain

lipohypertrophy

lipoatrophy (rare)

allergic reaction

at as physiological insulin

less hypoglycemia

greater flexibility in dosing

risk of hypoglycemia in no meal w/in 15min

combine with longer acting for best control

give immediately after mixing

$ compared to regular

24hour basal coverage

beneficial for nocturnal hypoglycemics

cannot be mixed

$ compared to NPH

malignancy?

Dose change

1. Daily NPH to long acting

2. BID NPH to long acting

1. keep dose the same

2. decrease dose by 20%

Average starting daily insulin dose

1.type I

2. type II

1. 0.5-0.7 U/kg/day (0.1-0.4 honeymoon)

2. 0.15-0.2 U/kg/day

50% basal

50% divided among meals

R-R-R-N

2/3 in breakfast short/NPH

1/3 in dinner short/NPH

R/N-0-R/N-0

Can also do R/N-0-R-N