Shared Flashcard Set

Details

4.25 Drugs of abuse
By Dr. Winsauer
65
Pharmacology
Professional
04/27/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is the definition of drug abuse?
Definition
the non-medical use of a substance for any of the following reasons--psychic effect, dependence, or suicide attempt/gesture
Term
What is self administration?
Definition
the end result of drug-seeking behavior; used in animal models
Term
What is tolerance?
Definition
can be stated in two ways: 1) the effect of a specific dosage decreases with repeated administration, or 2) a higher dosage is needed to produce the same effect with reapeated administration
Term
What is dispositional tolerance?
Definition
tolerance due to changes in the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug (absorption, distribution, metabolism and/or elimination)
Term
What is pharmacodynamic tolerance?
Definition
tolerance due to adaptive changes in teh affected systems
Term
Downregulation of receptors is an example of what type of tolerance?
Definition
pharmacodynamic
Term
What is behavioral tolerance?
Definition
an individual alters their behavior in order to adapt or compensate for the presence of a drug
Term
What word should replace the term "addiction" because it is more useful in understanding the components of drug abuse?
Definition
dependence
Term
What is physical dependence?
Definition
the presence of "withdrawal" or abstinence syndrome, which is characterized by signs and symptoms usually opposite to those produced by the acute administration of the drug
Term
T/F Behavioral/psychological dependence can NOT occur independantly of physical dependence.
Definition
false; it can occur independently of physical dependence
Term
What does THC stand for?
Definition
tetrahydrocannabinol
Term
What kind of drug is diethylpropion?
Definition
CNS stimulant (amine)
Term
What type of drug is phenmetrazine?
Definition
CNS stimulant (amine)
Term
What type of drug is phentemine?
Definition
CNS stimulant (amine)
Term
Name some dissociative anesthetics.
Definition
ketamine, PCP (phencyclidine)
Term
Name the tryptamine hallucinogens.
Definition
dimethyltryptamine, hamine, lysergic acid, psilocin, psilocybin
Term
Name the phenalkylamine hallucinogens.
Definition
methylenedioxyamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine
Term
Name the phenethylamines hallucinogens.
Definition
dimethoxymethylamphetamine (DOM), and mescaline (peyote)
Term
Name some anticholinergic hallucinogens.
Definition
atropine, scopolamine, ditran
Term
What are the different types of hallucinogens?
Definition
tryptamines, phenalkylamines, phenethylamines, anticholinergics
Term
What kind of drug is alphaprodine?
Definition
syntheic opioid
Term
What kind of drug is anileridine?
Definition
synthetic opioid
Term
What type of drug is butorphanol?
Definition
synthetic opioid
Term
What type of drug is levorphanol?
Definition
synthetic opioid
Term
What type of drug is methadyl acetate?
Definition
syntehtic opioid
Term
What type of drug is nalbuphine?
Definition
synthetic opioid
Term
What type of drug is pentazocine?
Definition
synthetic opioid
Term
What type of drug is chlordiazepoxide?
Definition
benzodiazepine
Term
What type of drug is chloral hydrate?
Definition
sedative hypnotic
Term
What type of drug is ethinamate?
Definition
sedative hypnotic
Term
What type of drug is gammahydroxybutyrate?
Definition
sedative hypnotic
Term
What type of drug is glutethiamide?
Definition
sedative hypnotic
Term
What type of drug is meprobamate?
Definition
sedative hypnotic
Term
What type of drug is paraldehyde?
Definition
sedative hypnotic
Term
What type of drugs are the aliphatic acelate?
Definition
volatile intoxicant
Term
What type of drugs are carbon tetrachloride?
Definition
solvent, volatile intoxicant
Term
What types of drugs are freon propellants?
Definition
solvents; volatile intoxicants
Term
What type of drug is toluene?
Definition
volatile intoxicant (solvent)
Term
What type of drug is trichloroethane?
Definition
volatile intoxicant (solvent)
Term
What type of drug is amyl nitrate?
Definition
volatile intoxicant
Term
What is the MOA of canabinoids?
Definition
CB1 receptor in the brain, CB2 receptor in the periphery
Term
Can you become dependent on canabinoids?
Definition
not physically but you can become psychologically dependent
Term
Can you become tolerant to canabinoids?
Definition
yes
Term
What is the canabinoid antagonist and what is it used for?
Definition
rimonobant; treatment for obesity but causes anhedonia as a side effect
Term
Can you become dpedent on CNS stimulants?
Definition
mild physical dependence; definite psychological dependence
Term
Can you become tolerant to CNS stimulants?
Definition
yes; differentially
Term
How should you treat someone who has overdosed on a stimulant?
Definition
maybe with an antipsychotic like haloperidol if they need it
Term
How do you treat someone for dependence on a CNS stimulant?
Definition
antidepressant, e.g. TCA
Term
What is the MOA of dissociative anesthetics?
Definition
glutamate receptor antagonists
Term
Can you have dependence on a dissociative anesthetic?
Definition
life-threatening physical dependence as well as psychological dependence
Term
Do you develop tolerance to ddissociative antipsychotics?
Definition
yes
Term
How do you treat OD on dissociative anesthetics?
Definition
life support
Term
How would you treat withdrawal from a dissociative anesthetics?
Definition
treat seizures with benzodiazepine
Term
What is the MOA of hallucinogens?
Definition
5-HT2A receptor agonist or anticholinergic
Term
Can you have dependence on hallucinogens?
Definition
no physical dependence but definate psychological dependence
Term
Can you develop tolerance to hallucinogens?
Definition
yes; very rapidly
Term
What is the treatment for hallucinogen overdose?
Definition
atypical antipsychotics, preferably 5HT2A antagonists or cholinesterase inhibitor
Term
Can you become dependent on opioids?
Definition
yes both physically and psychologically; physical withdrawal symptoms= vasoconstriction, chills/goosebumps, cramping
Term
How is opioid dependence treated?
Definition
methadone maintenence (24 hour t1/2) or buprenorphine (48 hour t1/2)
Term
What is the MOA of sedative hypnotics?
Definition
GABA
Term
Can patients become dependent on sedative hypnotics?
Definition
yes life threatenning physical dependence as well as psychological dependence
Term
Can patients become tolerant to the effects of sedative hypnotics?
Definition
yes
Term
How are sedative-hypnotic OD treated?
Definition
benzodiazepines like flumazenil
Term
How is sedative hypnotic withdrawal treated?
Definition
benzodiazepines
Term
What is the antabuse used for alcoholism?
Definition
disulfram
Supporting users have an ad free experience!