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PSYC 2600 Lectures 6 & 7
N/A
21
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
12/11/2011

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Social Perception
Definition
The study of how we form impressions of and make inferences about other people
Term
Attribution
Definition
Inferences about the cause of
events and behaviors
Term
Internal Attribution
(AKA Dispositional or Person Attributions)
Definition
inside the person... personality, ability, attitude
Term
External Attribution (AKA Situational Attribution
Definition
outside the person... other people, luck, pressure
Term
Correspondence Bias (Correspondent Inference Theory)
Definition
People are like amateur or “naïve” scientists
(They use evidence to form reasonable attributions)
They favor internal attributions but will
adjust their attributions (from internal to
external) if they are…
…able (they have resources)
…and willing (they’re motivated)
Term
Kelley's Covariation Model
Definition
We make attributions based on 3 pieces of information:
-Consensus - what do other people think or do? How does the target’s behavior compare to other’s behavior?
-Distinctiveness - does the target’s behavior generalize to other stimuli?
-Consistency - does the target’s behavior toward that stimuli generalize to other times and situations?
Term
FAE - Fundamental Attribution Error
Definition
the tendency to overestimate the extent to which
people’s behavior is due to internal factors, and to underestimate the role of situational factors
Term
Self-Observer Bias (AKA actor-observer bias)
Definition
tendency to see other people’s behavior as
dispositionally caused, while focusing on the role of the situational factors in explaining one’s own behavior
Term
self serving attribution
Definition
tendency to take credit for our success
(internal attributions) but to blame the situation (external attribution) for our failures
Term
defensive attributions
Definition
Term
perceptual salience
Definition
we consider information in front of us more important
Term
self-concept
Definition
A collection of beliefs about who you are: traits, likes/dislikes, wishes/hopes, social identities & roles
evaluations, emotional states
Term
Interdependent Self Concept
Definition
define themselves in terms of
others’ thoughts/expectations, feelings, and actions; connectedness and interdependence between people are valued.
Term
Nonverbal Behavior
Definition
Communication without words
– Facial expressions
– Tone of voice
– Gestures (e.g., emblems)
– Body positions and posture
– Touch
– Eye gaze and blinking
• Can be intentional or totally unintentional!
Term
encoding emotions
Definition
hiding emotions -- women are better at it
Term
decoding emotions
Definition
revealing someone else's emotion -- women are better at it
Term
display rules
Definition
culturally determined rules about which nonverbal behaviors are appropriate to display ~~~ NOT UNIVERSAL!!
Term
affect blends
Definition
a facial expression in which one part of the face registers one emotion while another part of the face registers a different emotion
Term
emblems
Definition
Gestures (ie. nodding, OK sign, touching, etc)
Term
snap judgments & accuracy
Definition
6 basic emotions
• Disgust
• Happiness
• Sadness
• Anger
• Fear
• Surprise
They arise early in development
(other candidate emotions: contempt, shame, pride, and embarrassment)
Term
Independent Self Concept
Definition
define themselves in terms of
one’s own internal thoughts, feelings, and actions; uniqueness and independence are valued.
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