Details Title: 2130 lab exam 1 Description: lab 43 terms Total Flash Cards: 40 Created: 02/08/2007 00:23:51		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Anatomy Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term haploid complement Definition half the normal chromosome number "n." from meiosis. Term gametogenesis Definition process of gamete formation, reduces the chromosome number by half Term homologous chromosomes Definition genes for the same traits Term zygote Definition fertilized egg with 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes Term diploid Definition (2n): 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes Term mitosis Definition nuclear division process of cells Term meiosis Definition produces gametes with the reduced (haploid) chromosomal number, a specialized type of nuclear division, occurs in the ovars and testes during gametogenesis Term Meiosis I (prophase) Definition homologous tetrads synapse and form chiasmata Term Meiosis I (anaphase) Definition homologues separate, taking pieces of the other with them from the chiasmata, and form daughter cells Term Meiosis II Definition centromeres of the daughter cells break and form daughter cells, haploid. Term spermatogenesis Definition human sperm production Term spermatogonia Definition primitive stem cells of sperm, found at the tubule periphery, begin meiotic divisions at puberty under the influence of FSH Term primary spermatocyte Definition destined to undergo meiosis and become four sperm cells Term spermatids Definition haploid cells that are the actual product of meiosis, but not functional gametes. non-motile cells w/ too much excess baggage Term spermatids Definition haploid cells that are the actual product of meiosis, but not functional gametes. non-motile cells w/ too much excess baggage Term sustentacular/sertoli cell Definition a spermatid embedded in an elongated cell type, which extends inward from the periphery of the tubule. Nourishes the spermatids as they begin their transformation into sperm Term Interstitial cells/leydig cells Definition lie external to and between the seminiferous tubules. LH prompts these cells to produce testosterone, which acts synergistically with FSH to stimulate sperm production Term acrosome Definition contains enzymed involved in sperm penetration of the egg, is anterior to the nucleus of the sperm. Term follicle cells (ova) Definition cells which form a layer in a saclike structure surrounding an immature ovum Term granulosa cells Definition the name for the cells of the follicle when there is more than one layer Term oogenesis Definition female gamete formation Term oogonia Definition primitive stem cells, located in the ovarian cortices of the developing female fetus Term primordial follicles Definition follicles within the fetus which contain a single layer of squamouslike follicle cells Term primary oocytes Definition increased size from oogonia, in the prophase stage of meiosis I Term primary follicle Definition contains cuboidal instead of squamous cells, and produces estrogens. Term secondary oocyte Definition one of the haploid daughter cells of the primary oocyte, which contains almost all the cytoplasm Term first polar body Definition the other daughter cell without cytoplasm, eventually disintegrates Term vesicular/ Graafian follicle Definition a stage in which the oocyte is almost ready for ovulation, which soon occurs. Term ovum Definition the final stage in oogenesis, which is completed when pentrated by a sperm. The oocyte gives off a tiny second polar body and becomes a fertilized egg Term corpus luteum Definition LH transforms the ruptured follicle (after ovulation) into a body which produces progesterone and estrogen Term corpus albicans Definition the scar tissue which replaced the corpus luteum when it degenerated Term germinal epithelium Definition outermost layer of the ovary Term secondary (growing) follicles Definition follicles consisting of several layers of follicle (granulosa) cells surrounding the central developing ovum, and beginning to show evidence of fluid accumulation and antrum formation Term antrum Definition central cavity of the follicle Term corona radiata Definition a capsule of several layers of granulosa cells around the oocyte Term theca folliculi Definition background connective tissue which encloses the follicle after ovulation Term uterine/menstrual cycle Definition a hormonally controlled cycle, by estrogens and progesterone secreted by the ovary. Three stages: menstrual, proliferative, and secretory Term menstrual phase Definition days 1-5: sloughing off of the thick functional layer of the endometrial lining of the uterus, accompanied by bleeding Term Proliferative phase Definition days 6-14: under the influence of estrogens produced by the growing follicle, the endometrium is repaired, glands and blood vessels proliferated, and the endometrium thickens, ovulation at the end Term secretory phase Definition days 15-28: under the influence of progesterone, the vascular supply to the endometrium increases. The glands increase in size and secrete nutrient substances