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20th Century Europe
Quiz #1
53
History
Undergraduate 3
09/19/2011

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Cards

Term
What groups made up The Ridge?
Definition
Bankers, Royal Clans, Factory Owners, Nobels--> landowners (main measure of how rich you were prior to the industrial revolution)
Term
List 4 points about the Middle Class
Definition

1. they were growing due to the IR creating a lot of jobs for them

2. in order to run an industry, there must be a certain # of workers who are intelligent--> they would be paid more than the average worker

3. lawyers were also needed as the society became more complex. They would deal with problems that would arise.

4. the middle class included police officers, teachers, fire fighters, postal workers, etc.

Term

List 6 points about the working class

Definition

1. AKA Proletariut

2. lived in dangerous, dirty horrible places

3. their work places were also similar, and very hazardous

4. if you got hurt on the job, you were fired--> no insurance or health coverage

5. 12-16 hr work day

6. they attempted to form labor unions but the rich made sure they didn't allow them to progress. If they went on strike, they usually lost their jobs--> so they had to look for alternative ways

Term
List 4 points about Socialism
Definition

1. the belief that everything should be distributed equally and there should be no differences between the social classes

2. nobody should every starve, the gov will provide for everyone

3. gov will for school and medical expenses

4. gov would also control all means of production

Term
What is a more moderate form of socialism called?
Definition
partial capitalism
Term
What is partial capitalism?
Definition
you never have to pay for medical expenses but there ar those who are more rich--> they are taxed at higher rates
Term
what did Karl Marx say about capitalism?
Definition
he said it was evil
Term
what did Karl Marx believe about democratic socialism?
Definition

he said democratic socialism was impossible

--> the rich would always rise

Term

what did Karl Marx think of communism?

what did that make him?

Definition

he believed communism was the answer because it would eliminate all greed. no one would steal or take from others because everything they needed would be provided to them.

This made him an idealist

Term
What did Karl Marx say about religion and why?
Definition
he said it was "the opium of the time", because it was like a drug that clouded your brain so that you don't make rational decisions
Term
What was karl's religious background?
Definition
he was brought up jewish but later abondoned it
Term
who supported karl and his family
Definition
Fredrich Engles
Term
Who came up with the idea of Moderate Socialism
Definition
Edward Bernstein
Term
What did Bernsteins Moderate Socialism say
Definition

1. it would tax the rich and take over the means of production

2. it was a more popular approach with the people (no killer involved)

Term
What was the idea of Anarchism
Definition

to attack the leaders of the country, so the gov would fall apart

=

no government

Term
Who do the rich think of the idea of communism
Definition
they are terrified of it because it attacks their wealth
Term
What kind of government was Great Britain
Definition
A constitutional monarchy
Term
How was a constitutional monarchy set up
Definition
It is a legislature that makes laws, sharing powers with the king and queen
Term

Which country was the first to begin the industrial revolution, and when

 

Definition
britain, in 1750
Term

Who were the Liberals and Conservatives


What were their goals

Definition

The liberals and conservatives with the rich, so they both favored the rich.

Their goal was to protect the British empire and to protect themselves

(came from Plato's concept that the rich had to do their part in society)

Term
The poor had the right to vote but it didn't matter. Why?
Definition
it didnt matter because regardless of who they voted for, none of the parties had any plans of helping the poor
Term
Who was in the fabian society
Definition
The Webbs couple, H.G. Wells, and George Bernard Shaw, along with other rich people
Term
What took place when the Fabian Society was unable to create much change for the poor
Definition
They realized it was only through election that change could take place
Term
Who formed the Labor Party (1900)
Definition
Keir Hardie
Term
Who came up with the National Insurance Bill
Definition
David Lloyd George
Term
What did the National Insurance Bill do?
Definition
It gave workers an unemployment insurance for 15 weeks, and sick pay for 15 weeks
Term
How would the costs of the National Insurance Bill be covered?
Definition
through putting a tax on liquor, tobacco and the rich
Term
What needed to take place in order for a bill to become a law?
Definition
The bill would have to pass the House of Commons and the House of Lords
Term
How could one become a part of the House of Lords
Definition
They would eithe be appointed by the king or their father was already a member--> which meant that you had to be rich
Term
Why didn't the Nat Ins Bill pass in the House of Lords
Definition
the bill did not go through in the HOL because it was made up of the wealthy, and they did not want to be taxed more
Term
What did the Government Bill of 1911 do?
Definition
It was a bill proposed by David Lloyd George that. It stated that in order for a bill to become a law, it only had to pass through the House of Commons, and not the House of Lords
Term

After King Edward passed away, his son became King George.

Why didn't he want to be king and what did that prompt him to do.

Definition
King George did not want to be king because he had a bad stutter. He feared the poor would revolt and take over the power, so he listened to David Lloyd George's ideas with the hopes of avoiding that.
Term
How does King George get the HOL to pass the Nat Ins Bill?
Definition

King George listened to David Lloyd's idea and announces that he will appoint another 751 members to the HOL


The HOL does not like the thought of this at all because they did not want the house filled with the "wrong people"

Soo....

They agree to pass the Nat Ins Bill of 1911

Term
Why did the farmers in Holland contact the British gov asking them to help them leave the country?
Definition
The farmers wanted to leave because the country became so liberal. 
Term
The Dutch farmers moved to S. Africa to grow and sell their produce. Which country did not have a say in this change?
Definition
South Africa
Term
What happened when gold was discovered in S Africa in 1890
Definition
Most people sold everything they had to go to S Africa for the gold rush (most were British citizens). When they got there and the gold had run out, they had no choice but to settle in S Africa 
Term
What caused the Boer War (1899-1904)?
Definition
The Dutch would not allow the British settlers to vote in S Africa, so Britain sent over 60,000 soldiers to fight for their voting right
Term
What was the name of the wealthy woman who fought for the right to vote by holding destructive events?
Definition
Emeline Pankhurst
Term
Why did Emeline believe she should have the right to vote?
Definition
Emeline and her 2 feminist daughters were more educated than most mean and she believed it was her right to vote
Term
When were women finally given the right to vote and why?
Definition
After WWI, when women entered the work force and participated in society, so they earned the right to vote in their country
Term
What kind of government did France have in 1900
Definition

A republic 


A Parliamentary Republic/ Legislative Republic 

 

Term
What is the difference between a republic and a democracy
Definition

In a democracy, the power is given directly to the people

In a republic, it isn't 

Term
Who has all the power in a Parliamentary Republic
Definition
The legislative has all the power- whoever controls the legislative, controls the entire country
Term
France had too many political parties, over 40. Why was this a problem and how was this problem solved?
Definition
It was a problem because it made it nearly impossible to achieve a majority vote. In order too solve this problem, (3) parties would have to join together to get at least  a 51% vote. 
Term
What is a coalition government?
Definition
When 2 or more parties must join together to great a majority vote
Term
What is a plurality vote?
Definition
The party that received the highest # of votes but did not achieve the majority 
Term
What did the partiest that joined together to create a coalition government want in return?
Definition

They wanted either

1) a seat in the cabinet

2) something the party was working towards achieving 

Term
What would happen if there is a disagreement, and the party would withdraw itself from the coalition party?
Definition
If there is no coalition party, a reelection would take place
Term
Who came up with syndicalism and how did it work.
Definition

George Sorel came up with it

It was a class on communism in which the labor unions/ the people would rule. 

Term
How does a General Strike work?
Definition

All the labor unions would go on strike at the  same time, making it difficult to break up all the strikers at once

 

--> this would cause the gov to shut down the whole country and lose a lot of money

Term
Who won the Franco-Prussian war
Definition
Prussia
Term
Who did the French military put the blame on for selling secrets to Germany and why
Definition
Alfred Dreyfus, because he was Jewish
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