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10-31
n/a
20
Biology
Undergraduate 1
11/04/2013

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Cards

Term
is adaption internal or external?
Definition
internal
Term
is selective pressure internal or external?
Definition
external
Term
what is the Bottleneck effect?
Definition
a drastic reduction in population size
Term
what is an example of a species that went through the Bottleneck effect? (twice, what were they)
what is the negative effect of this?
Definition
cheetah went through ice age and overhunting
there is basically no genetic variation
cannot adapt
Term
what is the Founder effect?
Definition
genetic drift in a new colony
Term
what are the negative results of the Founder effect?
Definition
results in high frequency of certain inherited disorders among some populations
Term
what is an example of the Founder effect?
Definition
Tristan da Cunha
few people in new population had retinitis pigemntosa (degeneration of the retina), now almost the entire population has it
Term
how does the bottleneck effect represent the original population?
Definition
usually does not represent original population well
Term
what does the bottleneck do to genotypes and phenotypes?
Definition
results in great change in genotypic and phenotypic ratios
Term
what is the bottleneck effect caused by?
Definition
usually caused by a drastic event (hurricane, fire)
Term
what evolves, the population or the individuals?
Definition
the population
Term
who made the statement warning about public listening to faulty sources?
Definition
Huxley
Term
what is a species?
Definition
group of interbreeding organisms
Term
what makes something be defined as a species?
Definition
it is reproductively isolated from other organisms
Term
what is microevolution?
Definition
small changes that occur in a population
Term
what is speciation?
Definition
formation of 1 species into a new 1 or >1 species over time
Term
what is the difference between branching and non-branching speciation?
Definition
non-branching creates 1 new species
branching creates >1 new species
Term
what was Darwin's model of speciation?
Definition
gradualist model - traditional tree diagram descent of species as gradual divergence
Term
what is the problem with the gradualist model?
Definition
doesn't explain all of the fossil record
Term
what is punctuated equilibrium and who came up with it?
Definition
Eldredge and Gould, a rapid change that usually occurs after a major event (BOOM)
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