Home >> Flashcards >> Biology >> 10.2/Food Chains and Food Webs
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| • A living factor in an environment, like autotrophs or competing species |
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| • A nonliving factor in an environment, like water or temperature |
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• All the populations of various psecies that live and interact in a particular environment
• Only biotic factors in an area |
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• All the populations and abiotic factors that are interacting in a given area
• A community and its physical environment |
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• Feeding relationships between the various populations in a community
• Each population is a trophic level
• Number of trophic levels limited by loss of energy during transfer |
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• Lowest trophic level
• Use energy from sun or from inorganic molecules to make the organic compounds they need to survive |
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• Trophic level higher than producers
• Animals that eat producers
• Primary consumers eat producers, secondary consumers eat primary consumers, tertiary consumers eat secondary consumers, etc. |
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| • An animal that eats plants |
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| • An animal that eats other animals |
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• Relationship between organisms that eat each other, represents a trophic structure
• e.g. seeds mouse snake hawk |
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| • An animal that eats both plants and other animals |
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• Invented by Charles Elton in 1920s
• Several food chains linked together |
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• Organisms that break down organic matter from dead organisms into simpler inorganic substances—also break down solid wastes from animals
• Mainly bacteria and fungi
• Makes food chains/food webs a cycle—even highest trophic levels get decomposed |
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• Illustrates transfer of energy in a food chain
• Energy decreases as you go up the trophic levels
• Diagram page 242
• Sometimes inverted pyramid, like a tree supporting many primary consumers |
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• A way to show decreasing numbers as you move up the trophic levels
• Biomass = dry weight of organic matter present in a population
• Ten times greater biomass needed at level below to support another level
• Sometimes inverted pyramid, like a tree supporting many primary consumers |
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