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01 Computer Science - Invitation to Computer Science
Chap 01 - An Introduction to Computer Science
21
Computer Science
Not Applicable
06/14/2014

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Term

A well-ordered collection of unambiguous and effectively computable operations that, when executed, produces a result and halts in a finite amount of time
Definition
1)    algorithm (formal)
Term

An ordered sequence of instructions that is guaranteed to solve a problem
Definition
2)    algorithm (informal)
Term

A machine designed by Charles Babbage in the 1830s; many consider it to be the first computer, although he never completed it
Definition
3)    Analytic Engine
Term

The study of algorithms, including their mathematical properties, their hardware and linguistic realizations, and their applications
Definition
4)    computer science
Term

The entity that executes the steps of an algorithm
Definition
5)    computing agent
Term

Algorithmic operations that ask a question and select the next step based on the answer to that question
Definition
6)    conditional operations
Term

An operation for which a procedure exists to actually carry it out
Definition
7)    effectively computable
Term

The first fully electronic general-purpose programmable computer, completed in 1946; it contained 18,000 vacuum tubes and nearly filled a building
Definition
8)    ENIAC
Term

A programming language that uses both natural language constructs and mathematical notation
Definition
9)    high-level programming language
Term

The repetitive execution of a block of operations that will never end; this is a fatal error when it occurs in an algorithm
Definition
10)    infinite loop
Term

Algorithmic operations that repeat a block of instructions
Definition
11)    iterative operations
Term

People who fear and are opposed to the use of new technologies
Definition
12)    Luddites
Term

Desktop computer that uses integrated circuit technology, developed in the mid-1970s; smaller than a minicomputer
Definition
13)    microcomputer
Term

Term for a computer that is smaller and less costly than a mainframe system; developed in the mid-1960s
Definition
14)    minicomputer
Term

An unambiguous operation of the computing agent
Definition
15)    primitive operation
Term

Algorithmic structure that carries out a single task and then moves on to the next operation in sequence
Definition
16)    sequential operation
Term

A model of computation in which the instructions to be executed are represented as binary strings and stored in the memory of the computer
Definition
17)    stored program computer
Term

An operation is unambiguous if it can be understood by the computing agent without having to be further defined or simplified
Definition
18)    unambiguous operation
Term

The computer system as perceived by the user as opposed to the hardware that actually exists; the set of services and resources created by the software and seen by the user
Definition
19)    virtual machine
Term

The computational model designed by John Von Neumann and first implemented in the EDSAC computer of 1947; the structure and organization of virtually all modern computers
Definition
20)    Von Neumann architecture
Term

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Definition

For more study material on this topic

click here and go to

my Computer Science Study Help page

www.share-connect.com/computerscience.html

Thanks, mikeypzy
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